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　　The Renminbi

　　The official currency of the People’sRepublic of China is the renminbi, which means the “people’s currency”. Its commonabbreviation is RMB. The base unit of the RMB is yuan, which in Chines means“round”, a reflection of the traditionally round shape of Chinese coins. Eachyuan is divided into 10 jiao, and each jiao into 10 fen. S5 So 6.35 yuan wouldbe referred to as 6 yuan, 3 jiao, and 5 fen.

　　The largest domination of the renminbi isthe 100-yuan note, and the smallest is the one-fen coin or note. As pricesincrease, the fen and jiao are becoming increasingly unnecessary. Because salestax is included in the listed prices for retail products, prices are stated inwhole numbers, such as 10 yuan instead of 9.95 yuan. Renminbi notes containwords in several languages. The words “China People’s Bank” and thedenomination are given not only in Chinese but also in Mongol, Uyghur, Zhuang,and Tibetan.

　　The RMB was first issued in 1949 justbefore the communists took over mainland China. Because of hyperinflation, thecommunist government decreed a reevaluation of the RMB, and reevaluations haveoccurred many times since then. During the period when the communist governmentplaced tight restrictions on the economy, the value of the currency was setunrealistically low relative to western currencies. When the economy opened upin 1978, a dual track system was instituted. The RMB was used domesticallywhile foreign transactions were conducted with foreign exchange certificates.The artificially low domestic exchange rate prompted a black market in currencyat rates that more closely reflected true market values.

　　In the late 1980s and early 1990s, thePeople’s Bank of China abolished the dual track system and allowed the exchangerate to rise to realistic levels. But full convertibility of RMB and foreigncurrency has not yet been attained. Though convertibility is a prominent goalof the government, the Asian Financial Crisis of 1998 raised questions as towhether the Chinese financial system could handle an influx of foreigncurrency. Five series of RMB banknotes and coins were issued between 1948 and2005. The first three series are no longer legal tender, but the fourth andfifth series are still used. The picture of Mao Zedong, the leader of the 1949Communist revolution, along with various kinds of flowers, adorns all banknotesstill in circulation. The fifth series incorporated new security featuresdesigned to prevent counterfeiting. Most banknotes have a metallic strip, somenumbers change colors when viewed from certain angles, fiber threads have beenremoved, and raised-ink printing has been used.

　　Passage summary

　　Official currency of China

　　-Yuan ( base ________ )

　　-1 yuan = 10 jiao ; 1 jiao = 10fen

　　-

　　Largest ________ is 100 yuan

　　Smallest ________ is 1 fen

　　Renminbi has been ________ multiple times

　　China used ________ system for ________

　　-Use renminbi for ________exchange

　　-Use foreign ________ forforeign exchanges

　　-

　　________ dual-track system in 1980s and 1900s

　　New series of currency has ________ features

　　参考答案：

　　•unit – 1

　　•bill – 2

　　•coin – 3

　　•reevaluated – 4

　　•dual-track – 5

　　•transactions – 6

　　•domestic – 7

　　•currency – 8

　　•Abolished – 9

　　•security – 10

　　Questions for generalcomprehension

　　Question 1

　　According to the passage, how many jiao arein 6.35 yuan?

　　3

　　10

　　6

　　5

　　Question 2

　　According to paragraph 4, what effect didthe dual track system have?

　　It resulted in tight restrictions on the economy.

　　It caused an influx of foreign currency.

　　It permitted frequent reevaluations of the RMB.

　　It led to a black market in domestic exchange rates.

　　Question 3

　　The word its in the passage refers to

　　the official currency

　　China

　　the renminbi

　　base unit

　　Question 4

　　The word then in the passage refers to

　　1949

　　1978

　　1998

　　2005

　　参考答案：

　　答案1：A

　　解析：根据文章part1 S3的解释说明，一元由十角组成，一角又由十分组成，所以S4中举例的6.35则是由6元，3角，5分组成，牵扯到“角”就是3个，即正确答案为A。

　　答案2：D

　　解析：根据文章第四段内容，the dual track system即双轨制产生的影响体现在段落最后一句“The artificially low domestic exchange rate prompted a black marketin currency…”，即人为的国内低汇率推动了黑市的发展，结合关键词“black market、domestic exchange rates”以及同意替换确定答案为D。

　　答案3：C

　　解析：根据阅读原文，可知Part1 S2中的Its指代的必定是前文刚刚提及的内容，因此才会使用代词，那么S1的主要内容就是对Renminbi(人民币)的定义，自然Its就是指Renminbi’s。根据选项，正确答案为C the Renminbi。

　　答案4：A

　　解析：文中Part3 S2最后处出现的since then指的是自那时起，那么这里所指的then(那时)即为前文S1所提及的唯一的一个时间点1949年，自那以后，共产党政府为人民币进行了数次重新估值。因而答案为A 1949。

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