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　　【一】

　　【句型1】Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the0【句型1】Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded.(Lesson 3)

　　【译文】现代登山运动员力图沿着一条能从中得到锻炼乐趣的路线登山。他们认为路线愈艰难则愈为人们重视。

　　【讲解】the more…, the more…这种句型叫比例句。《流利英语》中另有三句可一并学习。

　　【例1】The further off this solid obstruction, the longer time will elapse for the return of the echo. (Lesson 7)

　　【译文】离固体障碍物越远，回声返回所用时间就越长。

　　【讲解】obstruction后省略了is。

　　【例2】We are so familiar with the fact that man ages, that people have for years assumed that the process of losing vigour with time, of becoming more likely to die the older we get, was something self-evident, like the cooling of a hot kettle or the wearing-out of a pair of shoes. (Lesson 37)

　　【译文】我们都熟悉这样的事实：人总是要衰老的;人们多年来一直认为，生命随着时间流逝而衰退或人越老越可能死掉这一过程不言而喻，恰似一壶热水会冷却、一双鞋会被穿破一样。

　　【讲解】becoming more likely to die the older we get是变形的比例句，等于the older we get, the more likely we will die。

　　【例3】The stronger the will, the more futile the task. (Lesson 46)

　　【译文】这种意志越强烈，这种尝试越徒劳。

　　【讲解】will后省略了is，task后省略了will be。

　　【二】

　　【句型2】In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all. (Lesson 3)

　　【译文】然而在登山运动初创期全然并非如此。

　　【讲解】case指“事情，实情，情况”，…is not the case指“……并非如此，并不是实情”，例如：

　　A：Is it the case that you have lost your passport?

　　B：No，that’s not the case.

　　【译文】

　　甲：你丢失了护照，真有这事么?

　　乙：不，这不是事实。

　　【三】

　　【句型3】The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top, because the summit was the0

　　【句型3】The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top, because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it had never been attained before. (Lesson 3)

　　【译文】早期登山者所寻找的是通往山顶的最方便的途径，因为顶峰，尤其是仍未被人征服过的顶峰，才是他们寻求的目标。

　　【讲解】先讲述一事实，再用because引出原因，最后用especially引出一种特殊原因。

　　【四】

　　【句型4】They had a single aim, a solitary goal—the top!(Lesson 3)【译文】他们只有一个目的，的目标

　　【句型4】They had a single aim, a solitary goal—the top!(Lesson 3)

　　【译文】他们只有一个目的，的目标——顶峰!

　　【讲解】从语法角度分析，a solitary goal和the top均是a single aim的同位语。从修辞角度看，作者以改变说法的方式达到加强语意的目的。这叫修正法(epanorthosis)。破折号引出被强调部分。

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