第四节 倒 装
倒装语序有两类: 全部倒装和部分倒装。
全部倒装：指谓语部分全部提到主语之前;
部分倒装：指谓语的一部分提到主语之前。
倒装语序常出现在下列情况中:
1. 为避免句子部分内容重复, 英语中常用倒装句,即: so (neither, nor)+be动词(助动词, 情态动词)+主语。
My fater is an engineer; so is my husband.
Jane didn’t attend my class yesterday; nor did Torris.
"John can’t swim." "Neither can I.""约翰不会游泳。" "我也不会。"
[提示]如表示赞同别人的陈述, so后面的部分不倒装。
"Jim is a good-swimmer."
"So he is, and so is Dick."
2. 具有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时, 句子一般部分倒装,即将be动词、助动词或情态动词提到主语前。这类词或短语包括: not, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, by no means, under no circumstances, in no way, at no time,no sooner…(then), hardly …(when), not only…(but also)等。
Never has my brother been abroad before.
Hardly had I sat down when I heard someone knocking at the door.
No sonner had he returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there.
At no time should you give up studying.在任何时候你都不应放弃读书。
[提示]
(1)如果句首的否定词修饰主语, 是主语的一部分, 则句子不用倒装。
Scarcely a drop of rain fell last month.
(2) as或though引导的让步状语从句常用倒装。一般将一些形容词、副词等置于句首。
Prominent as he is in his field, he remains easy-going.
Wealthy as he is, I don’t envy him.