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2024年托福写作机经汇总

托福综合写作机经试题

主题： whether nonnative honeysuckle actually has important beneficial effects on North American ecology

阅读

1. First, these scientists have found that honeysuckle supports the spread of native
plant species by attracting animals that disperse plant seeds. Honeysuckle plants
produce a high number of berries that are an appealing food for small animals. The honeysuckle's numerous berries attract animals, and these animals also eat the berries of other nearby plants. When animals eat berries, they expose the seeds that the berries contain, and because they often carry berries elsewhere, animals spread the seeds of both the honeysuckle and the native plant species to other places.

2.  Second, honeysuckle can play a positive role in wildfire containment in woodlands and grasslands. The spread of naturally occurring wildfires is normally fueled by dry grasses, which burn easily. Honeysuckle creates dense shade, which prevents grass from growing beneath it and keeps the soil under the honeysuckle moist. With little to no dry grass in an area, naturally occurring fires have very little fuel to keep them going once they start. By limiting the spread of wildfires, honeysuckle helps reduce fire damage to natural landscapes as well as human dwellings.

听力

1. First, it's true that when animals spread the seeds of honeysuckle. They also spread the seeds of native plants. But that doesn't mean that the native plants will actually grow from those seeds successfully. You see, animals typically carry the seeds of honeysuckle and native plants together. And then they drop all of those seeds together in one place. As they grow together in that place. The honeysuckle
eventually eliminates its competition, the native plants. The honeysuckle quickly
becomes so dense that it can block the native plants access to sunlight. And without access to sunlight, the native plants will die.
2. Second, it's true that honeysuckle helps keep fires from spreading. But let's take a closer look at what actually happens when an occasional naturally occurring wildfire spreads. Fire causes chemical and physical changes in the soil that release important nutrients. For example, the chemical element nitrogen becomes more available in the soil and easier for plants to absorb following a fire. Nitrogen rich soil is productive and supports a diverse variety of plants. But in areas where honeysuckle is so dominant that there is almost no grass. Fires almost never spread, and levels of nutrients such as nitrogen can become poor.

3. Third. There's a drawback to birds eating honeysuckle berries before migrating. You see, when birds migrate, they fly for long periods of time. And to do this successfully, they need lots of stored energy. Migrating birds store energy in the form of excess fat. Eating certain kinds of foods helps them do this. Foods like the berry, from a native plant called the dogwood. Those berries have lots of fatty oil, but honeysuckle berries do not have much fat or oil. So birds that rely on honeysuckle berries. May not be able to store enough energy to help them migrate.

托福学术讨论写作机经试题

Doctor Diaz: This week, we'll be looking at what governments around the world are
doing to improve transportation in large cities. Some governments are expanding roadways-adding lanes to highways, widening other heavily used routes. and even constructing new roads. Other governments are focusing on improvements to public transportation by modernizing.
Kelly: Focusing on public transportation makes the most sense. There is already so much traffic on the roads. Better-quality bus and train service would help reduce the congestion problem by motivating more people to take public transit. which would lead to fewer cars on the road.
Andrew: Unfortunately, it could take years to modernize a public transit system,
if governments want to more quickly see improvements in transportation, it would be better to focus first on upgrading roadways to handle more traffic. This would make car trips more efficient because drivers would spend less time in traffic each day.

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