1. "Received" 的基本含义
Received 是动词 receive 的过去式/过去分词,也可作形容词,核心含义是“被接受的;公认的”,强调某事物被广泛认可或正式接纳的状态。
常见用法:
动词(过去式/过去分词):
She received a gift from her friend.(她收到了朋友的礼物。)
形容词(正式):
This is a received opinion among scholars.(这是学者们的普遍观点。)
习语:
received wisdom(普遍认同的智慧)
2. 快速记忆技巧
(1) 词源拆解 + 联想记忆
"re-"(回/收) + "ceive"(拿,来自拉丁语 capere)→ “拿回来 → 接收”
类似词:reception(接待)、recipient(接收者)、conceive(构想)
联想场景:
收快递:快递员把包裹“递送”给你,你“接收”(received)了它。
学术界:被“公认的”(received)理论就像被大家集体签收的真理。
(2) 谐音记忆
“received” 发音类似“瑞西乌的” → “瑞士的西湖被公认很美”(联想“公认”含义)。
(3) 同义词替换法
= accepted, obtained, acknowledged
The received standard is hard to challenge.(公认的标准难以挑战。)
3. 考研中的考试概率
(1) 词汇考察频率: 高频(动词形式) / 低频(形容词形式)
动词 “receive”:
超高频,几乎每年出现在完形填空、阅读或翻译中。
例:receive education(接受教育)、receive feedback(收到反馈)。
形容词 “received”:
低频,可能出现在社科类阅读(如讨论“公认观点”)。
4. 真题例句参考
阅读理解可能出现的句子:
The received view is that economic growth benefits all.
(普遍认为经济增长使所有人受益。)
翻译题可能涉及的表达:
他收到了大学录取通知书。
→ He received the university admission letter.
5. 记忆巩固练习
(1) 填空练习
She ______ widespread praise for her research.
(答案:received)
The ______ theory was later proven wrong.
(答案:received)
(2) 翻译练习
这种方法是业内公认的最佳实践。
→ This method is the received best practice in the industry.
