If you describe a place or the weather as arctic, you are emphasizing that it is extremely cold.
The bathroom, with its spartan pre-war facilities, is positively arctic.
这个有简陋战前设施的浴室实在冷极了。
The Arctic is the area of the world around the North Pole. It is extremely cold and there is very little light in winter and very little darkness in summer.
winter in the Arctic.
北极的冬天。