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　　Was resource intensification—an increase in labor and time devoted to subsistence activities in order to increase food yields—by Dorset Paleo-Eskimos and Recent Indians on the island of Newfoundland simply a response to population pressure? Not exactly. On Newfoundland, population pressure did not result from a steadily growing resident population but, rather, from the arrival and lingering presence of new and significantly different populations. Newfoundland’s hunter-gatherer populations—both resident and newcomer— adjusted to the presence of other populations through niche differentiation. Building on atradition that emphasized marine resources, Dorset Paleo-Eskimos intensified their harvest of seals in response to the arrival of Recent Indians in the first few centuries A.D. Recent Indians   who were more familiar with broad-based, interior-maritime adaptation, intensified this   strategy to cope with the Dorset.

　　1. According to the passage, which of the following resulted from the arrival of the Recent Indians?

　　A：The Dorset Paleo-Eskimos were forced to compete with the Recent Indians for a limited supply of seals.

　　B：The Dorset Paleo-Eskimos spent more time harvesting seals than they had in the past.

　　C：The Dorset Paleo-Eskimos increased the amount of labor and time devoted to defending their territory.

　　D：The Dorset Paleo-Eskimos began to adopt new subsistence strategies they learned from the Recent Indians.

　　E：The previously steady growth of the Dorset Paleo-Eskimo population came to a halt.

　　答案：B

　　2. Which of the following best describes the function of the highlighted sentence in the context of the passage as a whole?

　　A：It points out a flaw in a theory discussed earlier in the passage.

　　B：It demonstrates the need for additional research on a phenomenon mentioned earlier in the passage.

　　C：It underscores the importance of a trait mentioned earlier in the passage.

　　D：It supports an assertion made earlier in the passage.

　　E：It questions the evidence for a tradition mentioned earlier in the passage.

　　答案：D

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