在今年的世界杯开赛前，天气预报就显示，举办赛事的多个城市将迎来温度和湿度 “双高” 的天气。对于运动员来说，这样的天气条件会带来哪些挑战？赛事主办方又采取了哪些措施来保障比赛安全、顺利进行？阅读本文，了解极端天气如何影响这项备受全球关注的体育赛事。

词汇：football and heat 足球和高温天气

1 Fans have been gathering across the US, Canada and Mexico, as well as the world's TV screens, to watch the 2026 men's football World Cup kick off. However, experts have been increasingly worried about the effect of summer heat and humidity on the competing players. High levels of both have been predicted for a number of the tournament venues.

2 Previous competitions held in similar conditions have caused difficulties for players and officials. Assistant referee Humberto Panjoj collapsed during a Copa America game in Kansas City in 2024. In a game in Miami in the same competition, Uruguayan defender Ronald Araujo was substituted, complaining of dehydration and dizziness. Players also complained about conditions at the 2025 Club World Cup in the US. Both these competitions were played in cities that feature in the 2026 World Cup. Sports Medicine Australia warns of the dangers of heat exhaustion, heat stroke and dehydration from exercising in hot and humid conditions.

3 Experts suggest that the key measure to assess risk from heat and humidity is the wet bulb globe temperature. When we sweat, it usually evaporates, cooling us down. Humid conditions make this process less effective. Wet bulb globe temperature is the minimum temperature achieved after water has evaporated. Many experts suggest that heat can be a problem for athletes if the wet bulb globe temperature is above 28C.

4 14 out of 16 of the World Cup venues have been forecast to have wet bulb globe temperatures above this level during normal summer afternoons. For this reason, many games have been moved to evening kick offs, and cooling breaks have been scheduled. Additionally, some stadiums have roofs and air-conditioning. However, concerns remain around evening games in Miami and Kansas City, which had been predicted to be hot and humid, and the final in New Jersey, which was scheduled for 3pm. Estimates are based on a normal summer. However, the situation would be considerably worse should there be a heatwave.

测验与练习

一、将标题和段落配对。

Paragraph 1 _______
Paragraph 2 _______
Paragraph 3 _______
Paragraph 4 _______
Paragraph 5 _______

a. Reducing risk
b. Heat worries
c. Measuring the danger
d. Past tournament problems
e. The teams most at risk

二、根据文章内容选出正确的选项。

1. As well as heat, what else could be dangerous for players?
a. crime
b. humidity
c. pitches

2. Why was the Uruguayan defender substituted in 2024?
a. an injury
b. tiredness
c. dizziness

3. What does 'this' refer to in the following sentence? Humid conditions make this process less effective.
a. evaporation of rain
b. evaporation of drinks
c. evaporation of sweat

4. Due to heat concerns, all games have been scheduled for the evening.
a. True
b. False
c. Not given

5. What does the article say could make the situation worse?
a. competitive games
b. heatwave conditions
c. lack of water

三、用下列单词完成对本文的总结。

Heat and humidity are serious 1) _______ for this year's men's World Cup. Worries have been raised that 2) _______ in the stadiums could be dangerous for players. There could be a risk of 3) _______, if the 4) _______ is too high. The danger could be even more severe if there is a 5) _______.

concerns
evaporate
heat exhaustion
venue
wet bulb globe temperature
conditions
heatwave

（答案见词汇表后）

词汇表

kick off （足球比赛）开球，开赛
humidity 湿度
venue 比赛场馆
condition 条件
assistant referee 助理裁判
collapse 昏倒
defender 防守队员，后卫
substitute 换下，替换下场
dehydration 脱水
dizziness 晕眩，头晕目眩
heat exhaustion 热衰竭
heat stroke 中暑
wet bulb globe temperature 湿球黑球温度（综合反映气温、湿度和太阳辐射影响的指标）
evaporate 蒸发
air-conditioning 空调系统
concern 担忧，忧虑；令人担忧的问题
heatwave 热浪，高温天气

答案

一、将标题和段落配对。

Paragraph 1 b) Heat worries
Paragraph 2 d) Past tournament problems
Paragraph 3 c) Measuring the danger
Paragraph 4 a) Reducing risk

二、根据文章内容选出正确的选项。

1. b. However, experts have been increasingly worried about the effect of summer heat and humidity on the competing players.

2. c. In a game in Miami in the same competition, Uruguayan defender Ronald Araujo was substituted, complaining of dehydration and dizziness.

3. c. The pronoun 'this' in that sentence refers to sweat evaporating to cool us down in the previous sentence.

4. b. False. However, concerns remain around evening games in Miami and Kansas City which had been predicted to be hot and humid, and the final in New Jersey which was scheduled for 3pm.

5. b. Estimates are based on a normal summer. However, the situation would be considerably worse should there be a heatwave.

三、用下列单词完成对本文的总结。

Heat and humidity are serious concerns for this year's men's World Cup. Worries have been raised that conditions in the stadium could be dangerous for players. There could be a risk of heat exhaustion, if the wet bulb globe temperature is too high. The danger could be even more severe if there is a heatwave.