『新东方在线托福口语』为托福考生准备了ETS托福TPO/Official 52 Task 4口语练习：<img src="/upload/ti/2340000-2341000/2340919/650b138dac664c168c6bf4b4c3902a32.png">
 &nbsp;&nbsp;原文题目答案解析，TPO/Official 52 Task 4口语原文范文音频翻译。

托福TPO/Official 52 Task 4口语原文独立/综合口语题目答案解析-范文音频翻译-新东方托福官方网校手机版

旁白：听一节环境科学课上讲座的部分内容。

Narrator: Listen to part of a lecture in an Environmental Science class.

教授：好的，那么在应对环境问题时，最有效的公共政策是什么呢？

Professor: Okay, so what are some of the most effective public policies when it comes to fighting environmental problems?

有很多不同的方法，但是……在我看来，

There are a lot of different approaches, but...this is in my opinion,

我们常常低估了通过唤起人们的道德责任感达到的效果，

too often we underestimate how much can be accomplished just by appealing to people's sense of moral duty,

换句话说，让人们自愿停止污染，因为，

In other words, getting people to voluntarily stop polluting because, well,

这些试图让人们自愿停止做伤害环境的事情的方案被称为道德劝说。

These programs that try to get people to voluntarily stop doing things that hurt the environment are called moral suasion.

显然，这种方法不会对所有问题都起作用，

Now, obviously, this type of approach won't be effective for all problems,

The classic case is, well, Smokey the Bear.

当林业局第一次推出“防火护林熊”运动时，

When the forest service first came out with the "Smokey the Bear" campaign,

你还记得那个角色，那只熊打扮得像个森林管理员，

You remember the character, the bear dressed up like a forest ranger,

说一些，请不要伤害我的动物朋友，也不要挑起森林大火这样的话。

saying things like, please don't hurt my animal friends or please don't start forest fires.

它之所以有效，是因为它让人们对这些问题更加敏感。

It worked because it made people more sensitive to these problems.

这类活动总体上提高了人们对这个问题的认识，

this kind of campaign in general raises people's awareness of the problem,

并呼吁他们有道德责任感，做正确的事。

and appeals to their sense of moral duty, to do the right thing.

Another good example of this is recycling.

当地社区促进了这些自愿的努力，

local communities promoted these voluntary efforts,

他们让人们意识到有必要通过回收来减少垃圾的数量。

they made people aware of the need to reduce the amount of garbage by recycling.

他们为邻居们提供了放置玻璃和报纸的容器，

They provided neighborhoods with containers to put their glass and newspapers in,

有些人开始做，其他人也跟着做。

Some people started doing it and others followed.

也许人们会想，我有这个回收容器，

Maybe people thought, I have this recycling container,

我的邻居们在做这件事，我也应该这么做。

my neighbours doing it, I should do it too.

The point is in order to get people to really do it,

这些计划非常依赖于道德劝说。

the program heavily relied on moral suasion.

<img src="/upload/ti/2340000-2341000/2340919/650b138dac664c168c6bf4b4c3902a32.png">
 &nbsp;&nbsp;
 What is a policy of moral suasion? Use the Smokey the Bear and recycling campaigns to explain how it works.
 &nbsp;
 &nbsp;