『新东方在线托福口语』为托福考生准备了ETS托福TPO/Official 34 Task 3口语练习：The Familiarity Principle &nbsp;
People tend to devel原文题目答案解析，TPO/Official 34 Task 3口语原文范文音频翻译。

托福TPO/Official 34 Task 3口语原文独立/综合口语题目答案解析-范文音频翻译-新东方托福官方网校手机版

旁白：现在听一节心理学课上关于这个话题的部分内容。

Narrator: Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a Psychology class.

教授：一些研究人员做了一个相关的实验。

Professor: Some researchers did an experiment related to this.

他们所做的是召集了一组实验对象，一组学生，

What they did was they assembled a group of subjects, a group of students,

他们给这些学生展示了一系列几何形状。

and they showed these students a series of geometrical shapes.

这些都是非常独特的形状，有点不同寻常，

These were very distinctive shapes, a little unusual,

不是学生们经常看到的那种形状。

not the kind of shapes the students often see.

但是他们只向学生展示了很短一段时间的形状，大约一秒钟。

But they only showed the students the shapes for a very short period of time, about a second.

他们还降低了房间里的光线，让学生们更难以看清形状。

They also lowered the light in the room to make it even more difficult for the students to see the shapes.

所以在昏暗的灯光下，这些形状出现了一瞬间，

So the shapes were there for a split second in dim light,

研究人员再次向学生们展示了一些形状。

the researchers again showed the students some shapes.

但这一次他们给了学生更长的时间去看它们，

But this time they gave the students a longer time to look at them,

这一次，他们成对地展示了这些图像，一次两个。

and this time they showed the images in pairs, two at a time.

一个是学生们在昏暗的灯光下很短时间内已经看到的形状，

one shape was a shape the students had already seen for just a split second in dim light,

另一个是之前没有展示过的其他形状。

and the other was some other shape that hadn't been shown to them before.

研究人员让学生们说出他们更喜欢哪一种形状。

the researchers asked the students to say which of the two shapes they liked better.

学生们更喜欢他们之前在实验中已经看到的形状。

the students preferred the shape they'd already seen earlier in the experiment.

现在，如果你问他们是否已经看到了那个形状，

Now, if you ask them if they'd already seen that shape,

他们仍然倾向于喜欢他们已经看到的形状。

They still tended to prefer the shapes they'd already seen.

The Familiarity Principle &nbsp;
People tend to develop a preference for things&nbsp;they have previously encountered, things they are familiar with. Social psychologists refer to this tendency as the familiarity principle. Given a choice between two similar items, one they have experienced before and another that is new, most people will choose the familiar item. This principle operates even when people are not conscious of their previous experience with an item. Once people have been exposed to an item – even if they do not recall having been exposed to it – they will tend to prefer that item over other items to which they have not been previously exposed.&nbsp; &nbsp;
 
 
<img src="/upload/ti/2427000-2428000/2427269/04ae2bce18f44252895002807b1c4ea3.jpg">
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Explain how the experiment described by the professor illustrates the familiarity principle.&nbsp; &nbsp;
 
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