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旁白：来听生物课讲座中的一部分。

Narrator: Listen to part of a lecture in a Biology class.

教授：植物，像动物一样，像我们一样，需要营养，

Professor: Now, plants, like animals and like us for that matter, need nutrients,

也就是为生存、繁荣和成长提供营养的物质。

substances that provide nourishment to survive, thrive and grow.

We get our nutrients from the food we eat,

植物，大多数植物，从土壤中吸收养分，通过它们的根系，对吧？

plants though, most plants anyway, absorb their nutrients from the soil, right, through their root systems?

好吧，但是有些植物不能从土壤中获取营养。

OK, but there are plants that don't get their nutrients from the soil.

所以它们从昆虫身上获取营养，也就是通过捕获和消化昆虫。

so they get their nutrients from insects instead, from trapping and digesting insects.

食肉植物以不同的方式捕获昆虫。

Carnivorous plants capture insects in different ways.

它们有不同的捕获机制，有主动陷阱和被动陷阱。

They have different trapping mechanisms, active traps and passive traps.

一个有主动陷阱的植物，一个很好的例子就是捕蝇草。

A plant with an active trap, a good example is the venus flytrap.

捕蝇草实际上是通过动作来捕捉猎物的，或者说是它的一部分是可以动的。

The venus flytrap actually moves to catch its prey or parts of it do anyway.

它的叶子，它有特殊的叶子，在中间是铰接的。

Its leaves, it has special leaves that are hinged in the middle.

叶子的两半，打开，合上，有点像嘴巴，用来抓昆虫。

The two halves of the leaf, open and close, sort of like a mouth, to catch insects.

在这些叶子上，有一种甘甜的花蜜吸引昆虫，昆虫喜欢甜味的东西。

And on these leaves is a sweet nectar that attracts insects, insects like the sweet stuff.

当它们被引诱到叶子上的时候，树叶就会关起来。

And when they get lured in and land on the leaf, wham, the leaf springs shut.

这是一个主动陷阱，昆虫会把陷阱激活，可以这么说。

It's an active trap and the insects springs it, so to speak.

树叶迅速合上，形成一个小笼子，把昆虫困在叶子之间。

The leaf quickly closes and forms a little cage, trapping the insect between the leaves.

然后，捕蝇草就能消化昆虫并获取它的营养物质。

The venus flytrap is then able to digest the insect and get its nutrients.

但是其他肉食植物，它们的方法是被动的。

But other carnivorous plants, their methods are passive.

它们没有移动的部件来捕捉东西，

They don't have any moving parts to trap things,

它们有被动的陷阱，比如茅膏菜。

they have passive traps, like the sundew plant.

茅膏菜也产生一种能吸引昆虫的甜花蜜。

The sundew plant also produces a sweet nectar that attracts insects.

它的叶子上满是细小的毛，分泌出甜美的物质。

Its leaves are full of little hairs that secrete the sweet substance.

但是，当昆虫降落在茅膏菜的叶子上以获得甜美的花蜜时，会发生什么呢？

But what happens when insects land on the sundews' leaves to get at the sweet nectar?

叶子上的毛也会产生一种粘粘的胶状物质，

the hairs on the leaves also produce a super sticky glue-like substance,

所以昆虫被黏在上面，不能飞走。

so an insect gets stuck in them and can't fly away.

它基本上就是被粘在那里，方便茅膏菜来消化和吸收它的营养。

It basically gets glued there, allowing the sundew to digest it and absorb nutrients.

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<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;
<p>Using the example of the Venus flytrap and the sundew, describe two ways that carnivorous plants get their nutrients.&nbsp;</p>