『新东方在线托福口语』为托福考生准备了ETS托福TPO/Official 24 Task 4口语练习：<img src="/upload/ti/2426000-2427000/2426991/864e9405f2e948849123662a148a3340.jpg">
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;原文题目答案解析，TPO/Official 24 Task 4口语原文范文音频翻译。

托福TPO/Official 24 Task 4口语原文独立/综合口语题目答案解析-范文音频翻译-新东方托福官方网校手机版

旁白：来听文学课讲座中的一部分。

Narrator: Listen to part of a lecture in a Literature class.

教授：小说，短篇或者长篇的作者，

Professor: Authors of fiction, short stories and novels,

当然，当他们写作品的时候，有很多决定要做。

of course have many decisions to make when they are writing their works.

其中一个决定是他们将如何叙述，或讲述故事，从什么角度或角度来讲述故事，所以其他人需要选择一种叙述者，

One of those decisions is how they are going to narrate, or tell the story,

从什么角度，或者从哪一点出发来讲述这个故事。

what perspective, or what point of view the story will be told from.

因此，作者需要选择一种叙述者，一些人或声音来讲述这个故事。

So authors need to choose a type of narrator, some person or voice to tell the story.

叙述者在阅读故事的时候会影响读者的体验。

And this narrator can affect the readers' experience when they read a story.

作者可能会选择一个客观的叙述者。

Now the author might choose to have an objective narrator.

一个客观的叙述者可以描述人物，也就是故事中的人物，

An objective narrator can describe what people, the characters in the story,

他们做什么，说什么，但仅此而已。

what they do and what they say, but that's about all.

举个例子，假设我们有一个故事，讲的是一个男人和一个女人要去旅行的故事。

So, suppose we have a story, for example, that is about a man and a woman about to take a trip.

当一个故事被一个客观的叙述者讲述的时候，

When a story is told by an objective narrator,

我们作为读者所得到的唯一信息就是这些角色对彼此说了什么，他们做了什么。

the only information that we get as readers is what the characters say to each other, what they do.

他们上了火车，坐了下来，望向窗外。

They get on the train, they sit down, they look out the window.

这就留下了一些问题迫使读者去解读这些事件，

And this leaves questions that force the reader to interpret the events,

填充信息并决定人物的谈话和行动可能意味着什么。

to fill in information and decide what the characters' conversation and actions might mean.

作者可能使用的另一种叙述者是无所不知的叙述者。

Another kind of narrator an author might use is an omniscient narrator.

在这种情况下，叙述者，那个讲述故事的声音，什么都知道，

In this case, the narrator, the voice that is telling the story, knows everything,

and I mean everything about the characters.

让我们想象一下同样的男人和女人在旅行，

So let's imagine our same man and woman traveling,

但却被一个无所不知的叙述者所描述。

不仅我们，也就是是读者，知道他们做了什么，说了什么，

Not only do we, the readers, know what they do and say,

例如，我们被告知这对夫妇要去拜访男人的老朋友，

For example, we are told that the couple is going to visit an old friend of the man's,

我们知道这个男人在想什么，他很紧张，因为他很久没有见到他的朋友了，

and we learn what the man is thinking, that he is nervous because he hasn't seen his friend in a long time,

他也担心他的妻子会不会喜欢他的朋友。

that he is worried if his wife will like the friend.

一个无所不知的叙述者提供了更多的信息，

So an omniscient narrator provides more information,

并回答读者关于人物或行动的问题。

and answers questions that the reader might have about the characters or the action.

<img src="/upload/ti/2426000-2427000/2426991/864e9405f2e948849123662a148a3340.jpg">
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<p>Using the examples from the lecture, discuss two types of narrators that an author of fiction might use.</p>