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旁白：听一下生物课讲座的一部分。

Narrator: Listen to part of a lecture in a Biology class.

教授：好的，很多动物都受益于群居生活，

Professor: Okay, so many animals benefit from living in groups,

它为它们提供了保护，免受掠食者的伤害，并提供了社交陪伴。

it provides them with protection from predators and with social companionship.

所以对这些动物来说，保持团队的团结是很重要的。

So it's important for these animals to maintain their group's unity.

它们需要一些方法来避免冲突，或者如果确实发生了，可以和平地解决冲突。

They need ways to either avoid conflicts or if they do occur, to resolve them peacefully.

许多动物使用所谓的显示行为。

many animals use what are called display behaviors.

These are behaviors that are mostly for show,

这是一种象征性的行为，它向其他动物传递信息，并帮助维持团队的团结。

a symbolic behaviors that send a message to the other animals and help maintain their group's unity.

一种方法是通过使用威胁显示行为，

One way is through the use of threatening display behaviors,

威胁显示行为是用来传达警告的。

threatening display behaviors are used to communicate a warning.

但它们并不是要伤害其他动物，

But they aren't meant to really harm other animals,

相反，这种威胁行为帮助动物避免打斗。

frequently use threatening display behaviors.

比方说，假设有两只狒狒找到一些水果，它们两个都想要。

Like, well, let's say two baboons find some fruit, and they both want it.

一个狒狒，可能是第一个看到果实的狒狒，

One baboon, may be the first baboon to see the fruit,

可能会盯着另一个狒狒，发出威胁的声音，

might stare at the other one, and make threatening noises,

让另一只狒狒知道它想要水果。

grunts to let the other baboon know it wants the fruit.

因为另一只狒狒明白瞪眼和呼噜声的含义，

Because the other baboon understands the meaning of the stares and grunts,

it can give up the fruit without a fight,

这种行为通过预防冲突对群体有利。

and this behavior benefits the group by preventing conflict.

and animals need a way to reconcile afterwards,

为了弥补，确保团队中的每个人都能和睦相处。

to make up, to ensure that everyone in the group continues to get along.

动物可能使用友好的显示行为来恢复群体的统一。

an animal might use friendly display behavior to restore group unity.

假设这两只狒狒最终会因为水果而发生肢体冲突。

Let's say the two baboons do end up getting into a physical fight over the fruit.

这两只动物需要一种方法来解决问题。

the two animals need a way to resolve things.

所以它们所做的是互相靠近，同时发出友好的声音，

So what they do is approach each other while making friendly noises,

好像是说现在一切都好，我不再对你生气了。

as if to say everything's okay now, I'm not angry with you any more.

现在通过这种展示行为，友好的噪音或拥抱，

Now through this display behavior, friendly noises or hugs,

狒狒可以重归于好，这个群体可以恢复正常。

the baboons can make up and the group can go back to normal.

<img src="/upload/ti/2340000-2341000/2340850/20bb729ef4d641e4986d9dddfdebce75.png">&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp;
 Using the example of baboons from the lecture, explain two ways in which display behavior can help animals maintain group unity.
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