题型分类：事实信息题

题干分析：关键词Japan；根据关键词定位到第一段倒数第二句话：Whereas parents in China tend to see preschools primarily as a way of giving children a good start academically, Japanese parents view them primarily as a way of giving children the opportunity to be members of a group，可以看到日本家长认为学前教育是一个给孩子加入群体的机会。

选项分析：

D选项：和原文giving children the opportunity to be members of a group对应，正确。

A选项：和原文关于中国家长的部分对应Whereas parents in China tend to see preschools primarily as a way of giving children a good start academically，故错误。

B选项：原文未提及，无中生有。

C选项：更加独立，和美国家长对应In the United States, in comparison, parents regard the primary purpose of preschools as making children more independent and self-reliant，所以错误。