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题型分类:否定事实信息题

题干分析:关键词rise,first civilizations;定位到第四段第一句。向下阅读可知,第二句 How the first governments took shape in these areas is not certain. 就表明了这些地区的政府是如何形成的是不确定的,对应D选项。

选项分析:

D选项:政府是如何形成的。对应原文How the first governments took shape in these areas is not certain,所以为正确选项。

A选项:最初的文明出现地点。对应的原文的回答为:The first clear steps in the rise of the first civilizations took place in the fourth and third millennia B.C. in Mesopotamia, northern Africa, India, and China;

B选项:谁能够在big men死后代替big men。对应的原文的回答为:In time, the “big men” become formal symbols of authority and pass on that authority to others within their own family;

C选项:为什么有的个体被认为是领袖。对应原文的回答为:By means of their military prowess, dominant personalities, or political talent, these people gradually emerge as the leaders of that community。

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