Choice D is the best answer. The previous question asks what question from among the answer choices Theis and Adler's research was able to answer regarding Texas gourd vines. The answer (they determined why there was an upper limit to the amount of fragrance produced) is supported in lines 85-86("The...scent"): "The new results provide a reason that Texas gourd plants never evolved to produce a stronger scent."
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the lines cited do not support the answer to the previous question about what Theis and Adler's research revealed about Texas gourd vines, instead explaining the goal of the experiment undertaken (choice A), identifying some of the fragrance compounds found in the plant's aroma (choice B), and describing results related to hand pollination rather than fragrance (choice C).