Questions 31-40
Complete the notes below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

Noise in Cities

Past research focused on noise level (measured in decibels) and people's responses.

Noise 'maps'
· show that the highest noise levels are usually found on roads
· do not show other sources of noise, e.g. when windows are open or people's neighbours are in their 31 {{response}}
· ignore variations in people's perceptions of noise
· have made people realize that the noise is a 32 {{response}} issue that must be dealt with

Problems caused by noise
· sleep disturbance
· increase in amount of stress
· effect on the 33 {{response}} of schoolchildren

Different types of noise
Some noises can be considered pleasant e.g. the sound of a 34 {{response}} in a town
To investigate this, researchers may use methods from 35 {{response}} sciences e.g. questionnaires

What people want
Plenty of activity in urban environments which are 36 {{response}} , but also allow people to relax
But architects and town planners
· do not get much 37 {{response}} in acoustics
· regard sound as the responsibility of engineers

Understanding sound as an art form
We need to know
· how sound relates to 38 {{response}}
· what can be learnt from psychology about the effects of sound
· whether physics can help us understand the 39 {{response}} of sound
Virtual reality programs
· advantage: predict the effect of buildings
· current disadvantage: they are 40 {{response}}