PART 2

PRESENTER: This evening we're delighted to welcome Dan Beagle, who's just written a book on looking for and finding food in the wild.

主持人：很高兴今晚我们迎来了丹·比戈尔，他刚刚写了一本在野外寻找美食的书。

He's going to tell us everything we need to know about picking wild mushrooms.

他会告诉我们关于采摘野生蘑菇需要知道的一切知识。

DAN: Thank you very much.

丹：感谢您的介绍。

Well, I need to start by talking about safety.

我要先谈谈采食蘑菇的安全性。

You really need to know what you're doing because some mushrooms are extremely poisonous.

大家真的需要了解自己在做什么，因为有些蘑菇有剧毒。

Having said that, once you know what to look for, it's really worth doing for the amazing variety of mushrooms available – which you can't get in the shops.

话虽如此，一旦你知道要寻找什么蘑菇，这还是很值得去做的，因为那里有种类繁多的蘑菇，在商店里买不到的。

But of course, you have to be very careful and that's why I always say you should never consume mushrooms picked by friends or neighbours – always remember that some poisonous mushrooms look very similar to edible ones and it's easy for people to get confused.

当然，话虽如此，你必须非常小心。这就是为什么我总是说永远不要食用朋友或邻居采摘的蘑菇。要一直记得有些有毒的蘑菇看起来与可食用的蘑菇非常相似，人们很容易弄混。

The other thing to avoid is mushrooms growing beside busy roads for obvious reasons.

另一件要避免的是采摘繁华道路旁边生长的蘑菇，原因嘛，大家懂得都懂。

But nothing beats the taste of freshly picked mushrooms – don't forget that the ones in the shops are often several days old and past their best.

然而，新鲜采摘的蘑菇的味道是无可比拟的。别忘了，商店里的蘑菇通常已经放了几天，而且已经过了最佳赏味时间。

There are certain ideas about wild mushrooms that it's important to be aware of.

了解有关野生蘑菇的一些信息很重要。

Don't listen to people who tell you that it's only OK to eat mushrooms that are pale or dull – this is completely untrue.

有些人告诉你只能吃白色或者浅颜色的蘑菇。别信这些话因为这是完全错误的。

Some edible mushrooms are bright red, for example.

例如，一些可食用的蘑菇是鲜红色的。

Personally, I prefer mushrooms cooked but it won't do you any harm to eat them uncooked in salads – it's not necessary to peel them.

就个人而言，我更喜欢煮熟的蘑菇。但把生蘑菇加到沙拉中也可以，蘑菇不需要去皮。

Another thing you should remember is that you can't tell if a mushroom is safe to eat by its smell – some of the most deadly mushrooms have no smell and taste quite nice, apparently.

你应该记住的另一件事是，你无法通过气味判断蘑菇是否可以安全食用。显然，一些最致命的蘑菇没有气味，但味道却相当不错。

Finally, just because deer or squirrels eat a particular mushroom doesn't mean that you can.

最后，就因为鹿或松鼠能吃某些蘑菇并不意味着你也能吃。

Of course, mushroom picking is associated with the countryside but if you haven't got a car, your local park can be a great place to start.

当然，采蘑菇总是要到乡村地区去。但如果没有车，当地公园也可以是一个很好的地方，先从那里找。

There are usually a range of habitats where mushrooms grow, such as playing fields and wooded areas.

通常蘑菇生长在很多地方，例如运动场和林地。

But you need to be there first thing in the morning, as there's likely be a lot of competition – not just from people but wildlife too.

但是你需要在早上第一时间到达那里，因为可能会有很多竞争者，不仅有人类，还有野生动物。

The deer often get the best mushrooms in my local park.

我家附近的公园里最好的蘑菇经常被鹿吃掉。

If you're a complete beginner, I wouldn't recommend going alone or relying on photos in a book, even the one I've written!

如果你是完全没有采过蘑菇，我不建议你一个人去，也不要依赖书中的照片，即使那本书是我写的！

There are some really good phone apps for identifying mushrooms, but you can't always rely on getting a good signal in the middle of a wood.

有一些非常好的识别蘑菇的手机应用程序，但你不能总想着在森林中也能接收到良好的手机信号。

If possible, you should go with a group led by an expert – you'll stay safe and learn a lot that way.

如果可能的话，你应该和行家带领的小队一起去，这样你不会有危险，还能学到很多东西。

Conservation is a really important consideration and you must follow a few basic rules.

保护蘑菇是一个非常重要的考量。你必须遵守一些基本规则。

You should never pick all the mushrooms in one area – collect only enough for your own needs.

永远不要把一个地区的所有蘑菇都摘走。只拿你自己需要的蘑菇。

Be very careful that you don't trample on young mushrooms or other plants.

小心不要踩到小蘑菇或其他植物。

And make sure you don't pick any mushrooms that are endangered and protected by law.

确保不要采摘任何受法律保护的濒危蘑菇。

There's been a decline in some varieties of wild mushrooms in this part of the country.

本地的一些野生蘑菇品种已经减少。

Restaurants are becoming more interested in locally sourced food like wild mushrooms, but the biggest problem is that so many new houses have been built in this area in the last ten years.

餐馆对野生蘑菇等当地食材越来越感兴趣，但最大的问题是过去十年来该地区建造了这么多的新房。

And more water is being taken from rivers and reservoirs because of this, and mushroom habitats have been destroyed.

因此，越来越多的水从河流和水库中被抽走，蘑菇的生长地遭到破坏。

Anyway, a word of advice on storing mushrooms.

无论如何，再给大家一个关于储存蘑菇的建议。

Collect them in a brown paper bag and as soon as you get home, put them in the fridge.

将它们收集在牛皮纸袋中，回到家后立即将它们放入冰箱。

They'll be fine for a couple of days, but it's best to cook them as soon as possible – after washing them really carefully first, of course.

放几天也行，但最好尽快煮，当然要先仔细清洗。

So everybody knows what a mushroom tastes like, right?

每个人都知道蘑菇的味道，对吧？

Well, you'll be surprised by the huge variety of wild mushrooms there are.

野生蘑菇的品种多得让你惊讶。

Be adventurous! They're great in so many dishes – stir fries, risottos, pasta.

大胆一些！蘑菇能做许多种吃的——炒菜、意大利调味饭、意大利面。

But just be aware that some people can react badly to certain varieties so it's a good idea not to eat huge quantities to begin with.

但请注意，有些人会对某些品种产生不良反应，因此最好不要一开始就吃太多。

OK, so now I'm going to show you …

好的，现在我要给你看……