SECTION 4

We've been discussing the factors the architect has to consider when designing domestic buildings.

上次我们已经讨论了建筑师在设计国内建筑时需要考虑的因素。

I'm going to move on now to consider the design of public buildings, and I'll illustrate this by referring to the new Taylor Concert Hall that's recently been completed here in the city.

今天我要继续谈论公共建筑的设计，我会借助在这座城市刚竣工的新泰勒音乐厅作为案例为大家讲解。

So, as with a domestic building, when designing a public building, an architect needs to consider the function of the building - for example, is it to be used primarily for entertainment, or for education, or for administration?

设计一个国内公共建筑时，建筑师需要考虑建筑的功能。比如，它是以娱乐为主还是以教育为主，或是以行政为主?

The second thing the architect needs to think about is the context of the building, this includes its physical location, obviously, but it also includes the social meaning of the building, how it relates to the people it's built for.

其次，建筑师需要考虑建筑的周边环境，这包括它的实际位置，当然也会包括建筑的社会意义和建筑目的。

And finally, for important public buildings, the architect may also be looking for a central symbolic idea on which to base the design, a sort of metaphor for the building and the way in which it is used.

最后，对于那些具有象征性公共建筑而言，建筑师还需要考虑设计的基点、大楼寓意以及如何运用。

Let's look at the new Taylor Concert Hall in relation to these ideas.

现在我们来看一下新泰勒音乐厅包含的设计因素。

The location chosen was a site in a run-down district that has been ignored in previous redevelopment plans.

它选址建在一个破旧的地区，这里是一直被再开发计划忽略的地方。

It was occupied by a factory that had been empty for some years.

这个地点曾经是一个空了好多年的工厂。

The whole area was some distance from the high-rise office blocks of the central business district and shopping centre,but it was only one kilometre from the ring road.

整个区域离中心商业区和购物中心的那些高楼大厦有些远，但离环路只有1公里。

The site itself was bordered to the north by a canal which had once been used by boats bringing in raw materials when the area was used for manufacturing.

这里北部紧邻运河。当时制作产品时人们曾利用运河将原料船运到工厂。

The architect chosen for the project was Tom Harrison.

这个项目选择汤姆·哈里森作为建筑师。

He found the main design challenge was the location of the site in an area that had no neighbouring buildings of any importance.

他发现设计中的主要挑战是这个地理位置，因为周边没有什么建筑。

To reflect the fact that the significance of the building in this quite run-down location was as yet unknown, he decided to create a building centred around the idea of a mystery - something whose meaning still has to be discovered.

为了在这个破旧的地区突出这个建筑，他决定将神秘作为建筑主题——即它存在的意义需要被人们寻找发现。

So how was this reflected in the design of the building?

那么他是如何将主题融入到这个建筑设计中的呢

Well, Harrison decided to create pedestrian access to the building and to make use of the presence of water on the site.

嗯，哈里森决定运用水的形态，铺出一条通向建筑的人行道。

As people approach the entrance, they therefore have to cross over a bridge.

当人们进来后，必须穿过一座桥。

He wanted to give people a feeling of suspense as they see the building first from a distance, and then close-up,and the initial impression he wanted to create from the shape of the building as a whole was that of a box.

他想让人们在由远到近观察建筑时心里会留有悬念。他希望人们在看到建筑外形时第一感观是它像一个盒子。

The first side that people see, the southern wall, is just a high, flat wall uninterrupted by any windows.

人们首先看到的是南面的墙，那是一个由很多窗户无缝组成的光面墙。

This might sound off-putting, but it supports Harrison's concept of the building - that the person approaching is intrigued and wonders what will be inside.

可能听起来没什么意思，但是它代表了哈里森的建筑理念，人们走进这里会好奇里面到底是什么。

And this flat wall also has another purpose.

这个光面墙还有其他作用。

At night-time, projectors are switched on and it functions as a huge screen, onto which images are projected.

晚上投影机会开启，这面墙会变成一个巨大的银幕，画面会映在上面。

The auditorium itself seats 1500 people.

礼堂可容纳1500人。

The floor's supported by ten massive pads.

这个地板由十个大垫子支撑。

These are constructed from rubber, and so are able to absorb any vibrations from outside and prevent them from affecting the auditorium.

它们由橡胶组成，可以抵挡外界振动，使得礼堂不受外界干扰。

The walls are made of several layers of honey-coloured wood, all sourced from local beech trees.

墙体由几块蜜色木板组成，材料源于当地的山毛榉。

In order to improve the acoustic properties of the auditorium and to amplify the sound, they are not straight, they are curved.

为了提升礼堂的音质并且增强音效，这些木板都不是直的，而是弯曲形状的。

The acoustics are also adjustable according to the size of orchestra and the type of music being played.

音效可以根据管弦乐队的规模或是音乐的类型来调节。

In order to achieve this, there are nine movable panels in the ceiling above the orchestra which are all individually motorized, and the walls also have curtains which can be opened or closed to change the acoustics.

为了实现这一功能，管弦乐队上方的天花板有九个可移动的面板，它们都是独立运行的。墙上的窗帘也可根据音效需求来打开或是拉上。

The reaction of the public to the new building has generally been positive.

公众对这个新建筑的反应普遍不错，

However, the evaluation of some critics has been less enthusiastic.

然而，一些评论家并不热衷此处。

In spite of Harrison’s efforts to use local materials, they criticise the style of the design as being international rather than local, and say it doesn't reflect features of the landscape or society for which it is built.

尽管哈里森试图利用当地材料，这些评论家批评这个建筑风格更多偏向国际化，并没有反映出这里的风景特征或是社会意义。