SECTION 3

Tutor: Ah ... come in, Russ.

导师：啊……进来，拉斯。

Russ: Thank you.

拉斯：谢谢。

Tutor: Now you wanted to consult me about your class presentation on nanotechnology - you're due to give it in next week, aren't you?

导师：现在你想咨询我关于你纳米技术的课堂报告——你下周要做报告，是吗？

Russ: That's right.

拉斯：没错。

And I'm really struggling.

我真的很纠结。

I chose the topic because I didn't know much about it and wanted to learn more, but now I've read so much about it, in a way there's too much to say - I could talk for much longer than the twenty minutes I've been allocated.

我之所以选择这个话题，是因为我对它了解不多，想要了解更多，但现在我已经读了很多关于它的东西，在某种程度上，有太多要说的东西了——我想说的在安排好的二十分钟里说不完。

Should I assume the other students don't know much, and give them a kind of general introduction, or should I try and make them share my fascination with a particular aspect?

我应该假设其他学生知道的不多，给他们一个大概的介绍，还是让他们分享我热衷的某一方面？

Tutor: You could do either, but you'll need to have it clear in your own mind.

导师：这两种方法你都可以，但你得自己想清楚。

Russ: Then I think I'll give an overview.

拉斯：那么我想我要概述一下。

Tutor: OK. Now, one way of approaching this is to work through developments in chronological order.

老师：好的。现在，解决这个问题的一种方法是按时间顺序研究发展。

Russ: Uh-huh.

拉斯：嗯。

Tutor: On the other hand, you could talk about the numerous ways that nanotechnology is being applied.

导师：另一方面，你可以谈谈纳米技术应用的许多方面。

Russ: You mean things like thin films on camera displays to make them water-repellent, and additives to make motorcycle helmets stronger and lighter.

拉斯：您的意思是说，像相机显示屏上的薄膜可以防水，还有添加剂可以让摩托车头盔更结实、更轻。

Tutor: Exactly.

导师：没错。

Or another way would be to focus on its impact in one particular area, say medicine, or space exploration.

或者另一种方法是关注它在某一特定领域的影响，比如医学或太空探索。

Russ: That would make it easier to focus.

拉斯：这样一来，更容易聚焦到主题。

Perhaps I should do that.

也许我应该那样做。

Tutor: I think that would be a good idea.

导师：我想这是个好主意。

Russ: Right. How important is it to include slides in the presentation?

拉斯：没错。在报告中使用幻灯片有多重要？

Tutor: They aren't essential, by any means.

导师：无论如何，它们不是必要的。

And there's a danger of tailoring what you say to fit whatever slides you can find.

而且，根据你能找到的幻灯片来调整你所说的话是有风险的。

While it can be good to include slides, you could end up spending too long looking for suitable ones.

虽然使用幻灯片可以件好事，但最终你可能会花费太多时间去寻找合适的幻灯片。

You might find it better to leave them out.

你可能会发现把他们排除在外更好。

Russ: I see. Another thing I was wondering about was how to start.

拉斯：我明白了。另外，我想知道开场白该如何说。

I know presentations often begin with 'First I'm going to talk about this, and then I'll talk about that', but I thought about asking the audience what they know about nanotechnology.

我知道演讲往往从“首先我要讲的这个，然后我将讨论”开始，但我想问观众对纳米技术了解多少。

Tutor: That would be fine if you had an hour or two for the presentation, but you might find that you can't do anything with the answers you get, and it simply eats into the short time that's available.

导师：如果你有一两个小时的演讲时间，这样做也许不错。但是你可能会发现你不能用你得到的答案做任何事情，这只会占用你有限的时间。

Russ: So, maybe I should mention a particular way that nanotechnology is used, to focus people's attention.

拉斯：所以，或许我应该提到纳米技术的一种特殊用途，它可以引起人们的注意。

Tutor: That sounds sensible.

导师：听起来很合理。

Russ: What do you think I should do next?

拉斯：您觉得我下一步应该做什么？

I really have to plan the presentation today and tomorrow.

我今明两天必须得把报告的计划写出来。

Tutor: Well, initially I think you should ignore all the notes you've made, take a small piece of paper, and write a single short sentence that ties together the whole presentation: it can be something as simple as 'Nanotechnology is already improving our lives'.

导师：嗯，首先我认为你应该忽略所有你做过的笔记，拿一小张纸，写一个简短的句子把整个演讲联系起来。它可以是像“纳米技术已经改善了我们的生活”这样简单的话。

Then start planning the content around that.

然后开始围绕这一点规划内容。

You can always modify that sentence later, if you need to.

如果需要的话，你可以以后再修改这句话。

Russ: OK.

拉斯：好的。

Tutor: OK, now let's think about actually giving the presentation.

导师：好的，现在让我们来考虑一下实际的陈述报告。

You've only given one before, if I remember correctly, about an experiment you'd been involved in.

如果我没记错的话，你之前只做过一次关于你参与的实验的陈述报告。

Russ: That's right. It was pretty rubbish!

拉斯：没错。那真的很糟糕！

Tutor: Let's say it was better in some respects than in others.

导师：我们说它在某些方面比其他方面好。

With regard to the structure, I felt that you ended rather abruptly, without rounding it off.

关于结构，我觉得你结束得很突然，没有总结收尾。

Be careful not to do that in next week's presentation.

注意不要在下周的演讲中这样做。

Russ: OK.

拉斯：好的。

Tutor:And you made very little eye contact with the audience, because you were looking down at your notes most of the time.

导师：你和观众的目光接触很少，因为你大部分时间都是看着你的笔记。

You need to be looking at the audience and only occasionally glancing at your notes.

你需要看着听众，只是偶尔看看你的笔记。

Russ: Mmm.

拉斯：嗯。

Tutor: Your body language was a little odd.

导师：你的肢体语言有点奇怪。

Every time you showed a slide, you turned your back on the audience so you could look at it - you should have been looking at your laptop.

每次你放映幻灯片的时候，你都背对着观众，这样你就可以看幻灯片了——你应该一直看着你的笔记本电脑。

And you kept scratching your head, so I found myself wondering when you were next going to do that, instead of listening to what you were saying!

你一直在挠头，所以我发现我会去想你下一次什么时候挠头，而不是去听你在说什么！

Russ: Oh dear. What did you think of the language?

拉斯：哦，天哪。您觉得那次报告中我的语言怎么样？

I knew that not everyone was familiar with the subject, so I tried to make it as simple as I could.

我知道不是每个人都熟悉这个题目，所以我尽可能地使用简单些的语言。

Tutor: Yes, that came across.

导师：是的，我发现了。

You used a few words that are specific to the field, but you always explained what they meant, so the audience wouldn't have had any difficulty understanding.

你使用了一些特定领域的词汇，但你总是解释它们的含义，这样听众就不会有任何理解上的困难。

Russ: Uh-huh.

拉斯：嗯。

Tutor: I must say the handouts you prepared were well thought out.

导师：我得说你准备的讲义是经过深思熟虑的。

They were a good summary of your presentation, which people would be able to refer to later on.

它们是对你的演讲的一个很好的总结，人们以后可以参考。

So well done on that.

做得很好。

Russ: Thank you.

拉斯：谢谢您。

Tutor: Well, I hope that helps you with next week's presentation.

导师：嗯，我希望这对你下周的报告有帮助。

Russ: Yes, it will. Thanks a lot.

拉斯：是的，会的。非常感谢。

Tutor: I'll look forward to seeing a big improvement, then.

导师：那么，我期待看到你的巨大进步。