SECTION 4

I've been doing some research into what people in Britain think of doctors, the ones who work in general practice - the first call for medical care - and comparing this with the situation in a couple of other countries.

我一直在研究英国人对那些从事一般诊疗，服务于医疗一线的医生的看法，并将结果与其他几个国家进行比较。

I want to talk about the rationale behind what I decided to do.

我想谈一谈我做这项研究背后的基本原理。

Now I had to set up my programme of research in three different countries so I approached postgraduates in my field in overseas departments, contacting them by email, to organize things for me at their end.

我的项目要在三个不同的国家展开研究，所以我去找了相关专业的海外研究生。通过邮件和他们沟通，让他们帮助我进行研究。

I thought I would have trouble recruiting help but in fact everyone was very willing and sometimes their tutors got involved too.

我原以为找人帮忙会不太容易，但没想到所有人都很有兴趣，甚至有时候他们的导师也参与了进来。

I had to give my helpers clear instructions about what kind of sample population I wanted them to use.

我必须明确地告诉他们我需要他们调查什么样的人口样本。

I decided that people under 18 should be excluded because most of them are students or looking for their first job, and also I decided at this stage just to focus on men who were in employment, and set up something for people who didn't have jobs and for employed women later on as a separate investigation.

我决定将18岁以下的人群排除在外，因为这些人大部分是学生或正在寻找第一份工作。另外我决定在这个阶段我只关注男性就业者，之后将没有工作的人和女性工作者作为后续另一个调查的重点。

I specifically wanted to do a questionnaire, and interviews with a focus group.

具体而言我想做一份问卷调查，然后对一个焦点小组进行访谈。

With the questionnaire, rather than limiting it to one specific point, I wanted to include as much variety as possible.

我尤其想要采用调查问卷，而不是只关注一个要点，这是因为我希望增加一些多样性。

I know questionnaires are a very controlled way to do things but I thought I could do taped interviews later on to counteract the effects of this.

我知道问卷是一种比较受限的方法，但我认为我能通过后面的录音访谈来抵消这种影响。

And the focus group may also prove useful in future, by targeting subjects I can easily return to, as the participants tend to be more involved.

在采访中加入一些今后可以轻松再次采访的对象，这样焦点小组访谈在将来也会继续发挥作用，因为他们更愿意参与到实验中。

So I'm just collating the results now.

现阶段我正在收集调研的结果。

At the moment it looks as if, in the UK, despite the fact that newspapers continually report that people are unhappy with medical care, in fact it is mainly the third level of care, which takes place in hospitals, that they are worried about.

根据目前的调查结果，尽管英国的报纸一直在报导民众对医疗的不满，但大家担忧的对象主要是在医院里进行的第三级医疗。

Government reforms have been proposed at all levels and although their success is not guaranteed, long-term hospital care is in fact probably less of an issue than the media would have us believe.

政府已经提出了各级医疗改革措施，虽然这些改革是否会获得成功还属未知，但长期医院医疗服务并不像媒体所宣传的那么令人堪忧。

However, I've still got quite a bit of data to look at.

可是还有一些数据我们需要关注一下。

Certainly I will need to do more far-reaching research than I had anticipated in order to establish if people want extra medical staff invested in the community, or if they want care to revert to fewer, but larger, key medical units.

显然我需要做比我预期更加深入的研究来了解人们是否需要在社区里增加医护人员，亦或是希望基础医疗单位更大一些但数量少一些。

The solution may well be something that can be easily implemented by those responsible in local government, with central government support of course.

在中央政府的支持下地方政府的官员就可以采纳并实施这些建议。

This first stage has proved very valuable though.

第一阶段的工作被证明是很有价值的。

I was surprised by how willing most of the subjects were to get involved in the project - I had expected some unwillingness to answer questions honestly.

大多数调查对象都特别愿意参与到这个项目中，这实在是让我感到意外。我原以为会有不少人不愿真实的回答问题。

But I was taken aback and rather concerned that something I thought I'd set up very well didn't necessarily seem that way to everyone in my own department.

但实际情况有点出乎我的意料，而且我现在还有些担心之前我觉得设计挺好的地方在我自己部门同事的眼中看起来并非如此。

I thought you might also be interested in some of the problems I encountered in collecting my data.

我觉得你们可能会对我在采集数据的过程中碰到的一些问题感兴趣。

There were odd cases that threw me - one of the subjects who I had approached while he was out shopping in town, decided to pull out when it came to the second round.

我遇到过不少奇怪的例子。有一个我的调查对象，我第一次采访他的时候他正在城里购物。结果到第二轮的时候他突然决定退出了。

It was a shame as it was someone who I would like to have interviewed more closely.

这实在太糟糕了，因为他本来是我打算做深访的对象之一。

And one of the first-year students I interviewed wanted reassurance that no names would be traceable from the answers.

还有一个大一的学生要求我们保证在答案中不会出现姓名信息。

I was so surprised, because they think nothing of telling you about themselves and their opinions in seminar groups!

这实在令我太吃惊了，因为他们加入了一个研讨会的团体，却不愿告诉你任何关于他们个人以及他们的观点的信息！

Then, one of the people that I work with got a bit funny.

然后还有一个人有点意思。

The questions were quite personal and one minute he said he'd do it, then the next day he wouldn't, and in the end he did do it.

调查的问题涉及到一些个人隐私；一开始他说他愿意回答，然后第二天又反悔了，结果到最后他还是参与了。

It's hard not to get angry in that situation but I tried to keep focused on the overall picture in order to stay calm.

在这种情况下想不生气很难，为了保持冷静我只能尽量把注意力集中在项目整体上面。

The most bizarre case was a telephone interview I did with a teacher at a university in France.

最奇葩的一个案例是我对法国一个大学老师进行的电话采访。

He answered all my questions in great detail- but then when I asked how much access he had to dangerous substances he wouldn't tell me exactly what his work involved.

他细致的回答了我的所有问题，但是当我问到他再多大程度上会接触到一些危险物质的时候他却不肯告诉我他到底是干什么工作的。

It's a real eye-opener ...

这真实太神奇了……