PART 3

You will hear part of a discussion between two textile students about their research into sustainable fashion.

你将听到下面这段录音。

First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 24.

首先，你有一些时间查看第21至24题。

Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 24.

现在请仔细听录音并回答第21至24题。

MADDY: Shall we go through our research for our sustainable fashion project?

麦迪：我们要不要过一遍关于可持续时尚项目的研究资料？

RYAN: Good idea. I think I've done enough reading now.

瑞安：好主意。我觉得我已经读够了。

MADDY: Me too.

麦迪：我也这样觉得。

I've learnt such a lot about what sustainability actually means.

我学到了很多关于可持续性真正意味着什么的知识。

RYAN: Mmm, same for me with ethical fashion.

瑞安：嗯，对我来说也是这样关于道德时尚。

I didn't really appreciate the difference between that and sustainable fashion before doing this research.

在做这项研究之前，我并没有真正理解两者之间的区别，即可持续时尚。

MADDY: I know – most people use these terms interchangeably – but in fact the difference is quite distinct when you think about it.

麦迪：我知道——大多数人把这两个术语混用——但事实上，当你仔细想想时，两者之间的区别是相当明显的。

Sustainable relates to the environment and ethical relates more to the way workers or animals are treated.

可持续性指的是环境问题，而道德性则更多地涉及工人或动物的待遇。

RYAN: I totally understand why people get confused, though.

瑞安：我完全理解为什么人们会感到困惑，不过。

There are so many other terms used – like 'eco-friendly', which is actually quite meaningless.

有很多其他术语被使用，比如‘环境友好型’，其实这个术语并没有什么实际意义。

MADDY: And the way companies use these terms when describing their products doesn't help.

麦迪：而且公司描述产品时使用这些术语的方式并没有帮助。

They're often deliberately vague, I think, and don't provide enough information about how their products are made.

我认为他们往往故意模糊，而且提供的信息不足以说明他们的产品是如何制造的。

RYAN: Yes.

瑞安：是。

MADDY: It was interesting to read about the debates surrounding wool production and how ethical and sustainable that is.

麦迪：读到关于羊毛生产辩论的内容很有趣，以及它是如何可持续的。

It's generally considered to be sustainable because it's a natural product.

通常被认为是可持续的，因为它是一种天然产品。

RYAN: And it also lasts a long time and can be recycled.

瑞安：而且它还能用很长时间，并且可以回收。

All very positive.

所有都很积极。

But I wasn't convinced by the argument that wool production is sustainable because it doesn't use many chemicals – what about all the fungicides and insecticides used in sheep farming?

但是我不相信羊毛生产可持续的论点，因为它们使用的化学物质不多，但想想在养羊业中使用的杀菌剂和杀虫剂呢？

MADDY: Good point.

麦迪：好点子。

And I couldn't find any evidence for the claim about sheep farming being better for the environment than cattle farming.

我也找不到证据证明养羊业比养牛业对环境更好。

RYAN: No – they're both really bad.

瑞安：不 – 他们俩都真的很糟糕。

I read different reports about how unethical it is to even shear sheep.

我读过关于剪羊毛是多么不道德的不同报告。

Some people say it's cruel but as long as the sheep are kept in good condition I can't see anything wrong with it.

有些人说这很残忍，但只要羊被照顾得很好，我就看不出有什么问题。

MADDY: Me neither.

麦迪：我也是。

Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 25-30.

在你听完接下来的讨论之前，你有一些时间来查看问题 25 至 30。

Now listen and answer questions 25 to 30.

现在，你开始听并回答问题 25 至 30。

RYAN: Shall we talk about some of the semi-synthetic new fabrics now?

瑞安：我们是否可以先谈谈一些半合成的新面料？

MADDY: OK, let's do that.

麦迪：好的，我们来这么做。

RYAN: Let's start with Lyocell, I've been reading about that.

瑞安：让我们先从莱赛尔开始，我最近在读关于这个的资料。

MADDY: Yeah, that's the one produced from the pulp of eucalyptus trees, isn't it?

麦迪：嗯，是用桉树的树皮制成的，对吗？

RYAN: Yes, and what happens with that is really impressive.

瑞安：是的，而这种材料在制造过程中发生的事情真的很令人印象深刻。

Over 99% of dissolving agents used in the manufacturing process are used again.

制造过程中使用的99%以上的溶解剂都被再次利用了。

MADDY: Yeah. Now, there are a few semi-synthetic fabrics that I'd never heard of.

麦迪：嗯。现在，有一些半合成面料我从未听说过。

Like Cupro, for example.

比如铜氨纤维。

RYAN: Made from byproducts of the cotton industry to create a kind of vegan silk.

瑞安：从棉花工业的副产品制成，是一种仿生丝。

But I'm not sure how sustainable this really is as there are so many reports of pollution caused by the manufacturing process.

但是我不确定这是否真的可持续，因为有很多关于制造过程造成的污染的报告。

MADDY: Mmm. It doesn't compare favourably with all the other sustainable fabrics we've looked at, no.

麦迪：嗯。它与我们看过的其他可持续面料相比并不占优势，。

RYAN: Bamboo is one fabric we're all familiar with.

瑞安：竹纤维是我们都很熟悉的面料。

But I didn't know that it was only organic bamboo that's truly sustainable.

但是我不知道只有有机竹纤维才是真正可持续的。

MADDY: Me neither.

麦迪：我也是这么想的。

Apparently, the manufacturing process for a significant proportion of bamboo is chemically quite intensive – which obviously can be quite damaging.

据我所知，竹纤维制造过程对于相当一部分竹纤维来说是相当化学化的，这显然是相当有害的。

RYAN: EcoVero is an example of a semi-synthetic fabric which is becoming really popular.

瑞安：EcoVero 是一种半合成面料，正在变得非常受欢迎。

MADDY: Probably because manufacturing causes 50 percent fewer emissions and takes up half as much energy as conventional fabrics.

麦迪：大概是因为制造过程导致的排放量减少了一半，所需能源也只有一半。

That saves production costs as well as being better for the environment.

这不仅能节省生产成本，还能对环境更好。

RYAN: That's true. I think demand for cork will continue to grow.

瑞安：是的。我认为 cork 的需求将继续增长。

It works really well in vegan shoes and bags.

它在纯素鞋履和包袋上的效果非常好。

MADDY: Mmm and it's the only fabric that's fundamentally sustainable – the cork trees it comes from are renewable and the product itself is both recyclable and biodegradable – which is unique.

麦迪：嗯，它是唯一一种从根本上可持续的面料——它来自的橡树是可再生的，产品本身既可回收又可降解——这是独一无二的。

RYAN: And the harvesting process is actually good for the trees.

瑞安：而且，收割过程对树木是有益的。

There are no downsides to using this source at all.

使用这个来源没有任何缺点。

MADDY: Hemp is another really good sustainable fabric from a natural source.

麦迪：麻纤维是另一种源自天然、非常优质的可持续面料。

RYAN: Yes. Did you know that clothes made from hemp protect the wearer from the sun and it's also antibacterial?

瑞安：是的。你知道吗，用麻制成的衣服能保护你免受阳光伤害，而且还有抗菌效果。

MADDY: No, I didn't.

麦迪：不，我不知道。

But I did read that it's quite hard to grow, so perhaps that's why it's not as common as you'd think.

但是，我确实读到它很难生长，所以也许这就是为什么它不像你想象的那么常见的原因吧。

RYAN: I'm sure that'll change.

瑞安：我相信那会改变的。

You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part 3.

你现在有30秒的时间来检查你第三部分的答案。