PART 4

You will hear part of a presentation by a Tourism Studies student on the cruise ship industry.

你将听到一个旅游研究学生的演讲，内容是关于邮轮产业的。

First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.

首先，你有一些时间来查看问题31到40。

For my presentation today I'm going to talk about some of the issues facing the cruise ship industry and then some ways these can be addressed.

今天我的演讲将涉及邮轮产业面临的一些问题，然后我会讨论这些问题的解决方法。

The cruise ship industry has partly been responsible for the effects of overtourism in recent decades.

邮轮产业在最近几十年里部分地对过度旅游造成了影响。

Overtourism occurs in places where excessive numbers of tourists cause significant problems.

过度旅游发生在游客数量过多的地方，这导致了严重的社会问题。

Pollution, for example, is among the greatest threats to many popular tourist destinations.

例如，污染是许多受欢迎旅游目的地面临的最大威胁。

Of course, for many places it's a difficult balance to achieve.

当然，对于许多地方来说，实现这种平衡是非常困难的。

They want to promote their city or island as a desirable tourist destination, but at the same time, are unable to cope with thousands of cruise ship passengers on a daily basis.

他们想要推广他们的城市或岛屿作为理想的旅游目的地，但同时又无法应对每天成千上万的邮轮乘客。

The trouble is, excessive tourism is destroying the beauty spots and places of interest that people come to visit.

问题在于，过度的旅游业正在破坏人们前来参观的美丽景点和名胜古迹。

Several cities, such as Barcelona, have responded by imposing a tax which all visitors to the city from cruise ships have to pay.

例如，巴塞罗那等几个城市就采取了征收税的方式，所有来自邮轮的游客都必须支付这笔税款。

But as it's only a couple of euros, many green campaigners think it won't deter enough people to make any difference.

但因为只有几欧元，许多环保人士认为这不足以阻止足够多的人，从而产生任何影响。

Bruges is another city which became impossible to navigate at times because of the huge numbers of cruise passengers arriving on day trips from the port of Zeebrugge.

布吕根也是一个城市，有时因为从泽布吕赫港来的日游乘客数量过多而变得难以导航。

The city was becoming like a 'theme park', with shops only catering for tourists, selling chocolate, which Belgium is famous for, and other souvenirs.

城市变得像一个‘主题公园’，只有卖给游客的商店，出售巧克力，比利时以巧克力闻名，以及其他纪念品。

The local council took action to limit cruise passengers to a more manageable level.

当地市政当局采取行动，限制邮轮乘客的数量，使之更可控。

Dubrovnik had to limit the numbers of cruise ships after it became extremely popular as a cruise ship destination when it featured in a hugely successful TV series.

杜布罗夫尼克在成为邮轮旅游热门目的地时，不得不限制港口的邮轮数量，因为曾出现在一部非常成功的电视系列中。

What it does now is control the timing of all cruise ship entries to the city's port.

它现在控制着所有邮轮进入城市港口的时间。

However, many people feel this measure does not go far enough.

然而，许多人认为这项措施还不够彻底。

Cruise ships may be unpopular in some of their destinations but they also have an image problem.

尽管在一些目的地，邮轮可能不受欢迎，但它们也有形象问题。

They've always been perceived as a safe holiday for the elderly, with not much on offer for families or young couples.

他们一直被视为老年人的度假胜地，对于家庭或年轻夫妇来说，选择并不多。

A recent survey showed that cost is also a major factor in putting younger groups off going on a cruise.

最近的一项调查显示，成本也是让年轻群体推迟去游轮度假的一个重要因素。

But what they don't realise is that compared to other types of package holidays, cruises can actually be good value, as all activities and drinks are often included.

但他们没有意识到的是，与其它类型的打包假期相比，游轮实际上可以物有所值，因为所有的活动和饮料通常都是包含在内的。

And another perception is that cruises have lots of rules about what to wear and how to behave.

另一个观念是，游轮有很多关于穿什么和如何表现的规则。

But these days, most cruises are no longer very formal and behind the times.

但如今，大多数游轮已经不再那么正式和过时了。

So what solutions are there for cruise lines to overcome some of these problems?

那么，游轮公司如何解决这些问题呢？

How can they appeal to younger customers?

他们如何吸引年轻顾客呢？

Well one selling point is that cruise ships are becoming more sustainable.

一个卖点是邮轮正在变得更加可持续。

New ships are built with hybrid engines with large batteries which means ships do not have to keep their engines running while docked.

新邮轮配备了混合动力系统和大型电池，这意味着邮轮在停靠时不需要一直运行引擎。

Cruise lines are also designing ships specially for those in the age range of 21 to 45.

邮轮公司还特别设计了针对21岁至45岁年龄段的邮轮。

The décor in these feels contemporary and there are a range of activities on board that you wouldn't find on a more traditional cruise.

这些邮轮的装饰风格很现代，船上还提供一些传统邮轮上没有的活动。

There's even a boxing ring on one ship, and most offer diving expeditions.

甚至有一艘邮轮上有一个拳击擂台，而且大多数邮轮都提供潜水探险。

But there's also a huge focus on well-being with a variety of sessions of different kinds.

但也有很大的关注点放在身心健康上，有各种各样的不同类型的活动。

Food is always a very important part of any cruise and cruise ships have had to radically update their menus to suit the tastes of their younger customers.

食物总是任何邮轮旅行中非常重要的一部分，而邮轮船公司不得不大幅更新他们的菜单，以适应他们的年轻顾客的口味。

Vegan dishes are standard, for example.

例如，素食菜肴是基准。

The restaurants on board have also gone paperless with menus available on screen.

船上的餐厅也已经无纸化了，菜单可以在屏幕上提供。

Unlike older generations who went on cruises largely to get away from everything, younger people expect to be able to keep in touch with friends and family.

与上一代人不同，他们大多是为了远离一切而进行邮轮旅行，现在的年轻人希望能够随时与朋友和家人保持联系。

Many people going on longer cruises also spend time working, so companies have to guarantee wifi that can be relied upon at all times.

许多人进行更长时间的邮轮旅行时也会花时间工作，因此公司必须保证随时可以依赖的Wi-Fi。

My grandparents used to love looking through cruise brochures, even when they weren't planning on going on a cruise.

我的祖父母过去常常喜欢浏览邮轮手册，即使他们没有计划去邮轮旅行。

Until very recently TV ads for cruises always felt dated and aimed at retirees.

直到不久前，邮轮广告总是感觉过时且针对的是退休人士。

Cruise lines have been slow to adopt the power of social media but that's all changing.

邮轮公司一直很慢采用社交媒体的力量，但这一切正在改变。

Leading cruise lines now employ top agencies to produce first rate videos for social media channels.

领先的邮轮公司现在雇佣顶级机构来为社交媒体渠道制作高质量的视频。

It will be interesting to see whether …

这将很有趣……