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　　4、In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment. This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with the feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent releases, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable—meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that—and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace. The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals. Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. “Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,” Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year—about 64 items per person—and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste. Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes—and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can’t be knocked off. Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment—including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line—Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to.1、Priestly criticizes her assistant for her ____.2、According to Cline, mass-market labels urge consumers to ____.3、The word “indictment” (Para. 2) is closest in meaning to ____.4、Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph? ____.5、What is the subject of the text?

　　问题1

　　A、lack of imagination.

　　B、poor bargaining skill.

　　C、obsession with high fashion.

　　D、insensitivity to fashion.

　　问题2

　　A、combat unnecessary waste.

　　B、shop for their garments more frequently.

　　C、resist the influence of advertisements.

　　D、shut out the feverish fashion world.

　　问题3

　　A、enthusiasm.

　　B、accusation.

　　C、indifference.

　　D、tolerance.

　　问题4

　　A、Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.

　　B、The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.

　　C、[People are more interested in unaffordable garments.

　　D、Vanity has more often been found in idealists.

　　问题5

　　A、Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.

　　B、Challenge to a high-fashion myth.

　　C、Exposure of a mass-market secret.

　　D、Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.

　　4、试题答案：第1题:D;第2题:B;第3题:B;第4题:A;第5题:A;

　　试题解析：第1题:

　　根据文章第一段第一句“In the2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada，Miranda Priestly played by Meryl Streep，scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her.”可知，Priestly批评她的助理是因为助理认为高级时尚对自己的生活影响不大。D项是指Priestly批评她的助理是因为助理对时尚不敏感，与原文内容相符。故答案为D。

　　第2题:

　　根据文章第二段倒数第二句“Those labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable meant to last only a wash or two，although they don’t advertise that-and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks.”可知，大众市场的品牌商标促使有时尚意识的消费者将服装看成是用完就可以丢弃的，并且每几周就更新他们的衣橱。B项是指大众市场的品牌商标使消费者更加频繁地购买服装，与原文内容相符。故答案为B。

　　第3题:

　　题干中需要猜词义的单词“indictment”实际上是Cline对fast fashion的一种态度。因此，解答此题时应联系上下文，找到文章对Cline对fast fashion态度的描述。根据文章第二段最后句“By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices，Cline argues，these brands have hijacked fashion cycles，shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.”可知，Cline认为一些品牌通过以特别低的价格销售潮流物品将会破坏时尚周期，动摇这个长久以来习惯于季节周期的时尚产业。由hijack(劫持)”和“shake(动摇)”这两个带有贬义色彩的词语可知，Cline对fast fashion是持否定态度的。四个选项中只有accusation(谴责，控诉)体现出否定态度。故答案为B。

　　第4题:

　　根据文章最后一段最后一句“Vanity is a constant;people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to.”可知，虚荣心人皆有之，当消费者买不起太多东西的时候，他们才会以更加可持续的方式去购物。换句话说，价格对于环保购买至关重要。故答案为A。

　　第5题:

　　本题考查对全文主旨大意的归纳。通观全文，文章第一段用事例引入fast fashion;第二段讲到作者对 fast fashion的态度—作者认为它破坏了时尚周期，动摇了时尚产业;第三、四段指出fast fashion这种变革的弊端，如：造成自然资源紧张、使用大量有害的化学物质、浪费现象等;最后两段提到针对 fast fashion的不良影响，可以采取的解决办法。综上可知，全文的主题是对高级时尚产业的批评。

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