Marine renewable energy (ocean energy)

Introduction

More energy required because of growth in population and 31 ________

What's needed:

·   renewable energy sources

·   methods that won't create pollution

Wave energy

Advantage: waves provide a 32 ________ source of renewable energy

Electricity can be generated using offshore or onshore systems

Onshore systems may use a reservoir

Problems:

·   waves can move in any 33 ________

·   movement of sand etc. on the 34 ________ of the ocean may be affected

Tidal energy

Tides are more 35 ________ than waves

Planned tidal lagoon in Wales:

·   will be created in a 36 ________ at Swansea

·   breakwater (dam) containing 16 turbines

·   rising tide forces water through turbines, generating electricity

·   stored water is released through 37 ________ , driving the turbines in the reverse direction

Advantages:

·   not dependent on weather

·   no 38 ________ is required to make it work

·   likely to create a number of 39 ________

Problem:

·   may harm fish and birds, e.g. by affecting 40 ________ and building up silt

Ocean thermal energy conversion

Uses a difference in temperature between the surface and lower levels

Water brought to the surface in a pipe