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　　Describe an environmental problem. You should say:

　　What it is.

　　How long it has existed.

　　What effect it has had on people's lives.

　　What we can do to solve it.

　　1.

　　a) If I had to describe an environmental problem I would choose to speak about the air pollution in the cities of China.

　　b) I am sure you have experienced the problem yourself.

　　2.

　　a) To start, I would mention that the problem has existed since we have so many vehicles moving around in our cities.

　　b) That is to say, in the past, when animals were used to transport goods and people, we did not have this problem to the same extent as today.

　　3.

　　a) The increase in the number of industries has also greatly contributed to the problem.

　　b) For example, in the past people were mainly farmers, and did not cause much pollution.

　　There are several solutions that I would like to talk about. Allow me to explain by mentioning some of them briefly.

　　4.

　　a) First of all, we have to reduce the number of vehicles in the streets of our cities.

　　b) What I mean to say is that we should force people to make use of public transport more often.

　　5.

　　a) Secondly, we have to reduce the pollution that factories are causing.

　　b) For instance, there should be large fines on companies that let poisonous gasses into the air.

　　6.

　　a) Lastly, we will have to reduce the number of buildings that burn fossil fuels like coal for their central heating.

　　b) That is to say, local governments should have incentives for the owners of buildings to switch to electricity or gas for the heating of their buildings.

　　7. So, those were some thoughts on how I believe we can solve the problem of air pollution.