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　　阅读段落

　　Our ‘dead’ products are ‘static’, closed systems. It is always the basic material which constitutes the object and which, in the natural course of things, is worn down and becomes ‘older’. Ageing in this case must occur according to the laws of physical chemistry and of the thermodynamics. Although the same law holds for a living organism, the result of this law is not inexorable in the same way. At least as long as a biological system has the ability to renew itself it could actually become older without ageing: an organism is an open, dynamic system through which new material continuously flows. Destruction of old material and formation of new material are thus in permanent dynamic equilibrium. The material of which the organism is formed changes continuously. Thus our bodies continuously exchange old substance for new, just like a spring which more or less maintains its form and movement, but in which the water molecules are always different.

　　段落大意

　　本段对比了物品和生物体的区别：物品只是静态的，关闭了的系统;生物体是一个开放的，动态的系统，体内的新物质会不断地代谢。

　　阅读笔记

　　‘Dead’ products —‘static’, closed systems

　　Laws of physical chemistry and of the thermodynamics → worn down and becomes ‘older’

　　Living organisms — open, dynamic system： destruction of old material and formation of new material in permanent dynamic equilibrium

　　逻辑关系

　　1. 因果(逻辑连接词: THUS)

　　The material of which the organism is formed changes continuously.

　　Our bodies continuously exchange old substance for new, just like a spring which more or less maintains its form and movement, but in which the water molecules are always different.