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　　nonplussed greatly surprised

　　noxious harmful

　　numb without ability to feel or move

　　numbness without ability to move a finger

　　obdurate stubborn， impenitent

　　obsequious too eager to obey or serve

　　officious too eager or ready to help， offer advice

　　opprobrious showing scorn or reproach

　　ostentation display to obtain admiration or envy

　　ostentatious fond of

　　ostracism shut out from society， refuse to meet， talk

　　ostrich fast-running bird unable to fly

　　outset start

　　overhaul examine thoroughly to learn about the condition

　　overwhelm weigh down， submerge

　　palpability can be felt， touched， understood

　　palpitate tremble， beat rapidly and irregularly

　　parenthesis sentense within another one， smth separated

　　parsimonious too economical， miserly

　　peccadillo small sin; small weakness in one's character

　　penchant taste， liking， inclination

　　penury poverty

　　peremptory not to be disobeyed or questioned

　　perennial lasting for a long time (eg. a year)

　　perfidious treacheres， faithless

　　perfidy treachery; breaking of faith

　　perfunctory done as a duty withour care

　　perjury wilful fasle statement， unlawful act

　　pernicious harmful， injurious

　　persevere keep on steadily， continue

　　pertain belong as a part， have reference

　　pest destructive thing or a person who is nuisance

　　petulant unreasonably impatient

　　pied of mixed colors

　　pinch be too tight， take between the thumb and finger

　　pious dutifull to parents; devoted to religion

　　pique hirt the pride or self-respect， stir (curiosity)

　　pitfall covered hole as a trap， unsuspected danger

　　pith essential part， force， soft liquid substance

　　placate soothe， pacify， calm

　　plaque flat metal on a wall as a memorial

　　plea request

　　plead address a court of law as an advocate

　　plethora glut

　　pliant pliable， easile bent， shaped or twisted

　　plod continue doing smth without resting

　　pluck pull the feathers off， pick (eg. flowers)

　　plummet fall， plunge， steeply

　　plunge move quickly， suddenly and with force

　　poise be ready， be balanced， self-possession

　　ponderous heavy， bulky， dull

　　posture state， attitude; adopt a vain

　　poverty state of being poor

　　precept moral instruction

　　precipitate throw smth violently down from a height

　　precursory peliminary， anticipating

　　predilection special liking， mental preference

　　preempt obtain by preemption or in advance

　　premature doing or happening smth before the right time

　　presage warning sign

　　pristine primitive

　　procrastination keeping on putting off

　　prodigious enormous， wonderful