许多同学在学习英语时都觉得语法困难,想要提升成绩,打好语法基础必不可少!新东方在线整理2025年6月英语四级语法虚拟语气篇:与将来事实相反的虚拟语气,供各位考生参考。
2025年6月英语四级语法虚拟语气篇:与将来事实相反的虚拟语气
与将来事实相反的虚拟语气:从句用一般过去时或“should + 动词原形”或“were to + 动词原形”,主句用“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”。例如:“If it were to rain tomorrow,the sports meeting would be put off.”(如果明天下雨,运动会就会被推迟。)
与将来事实相反的虚拟语气的构成
与将来事实相反的虚拟语气用于表示一种不太可能实现的或与将来事实相反的假设。其结构为:
从句:一般过去时(如:were, did) / should + 动词原形 / were to + 动词原形
主句:would/should/could/might + 动词原形
主要考点
表示不太可能实现的假设
这种虚拟语气常用于表示一种不太可能实现的或与将来事实相反的假设,通常用于表达一种愿望、建议或不太可能实现的情况。
例句:“If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.”(如果明天下雨,运动会就会被推迟。)在四六级的写作中,尤其是在表达假设情况时,会用到这种虚拟语气。例如:“If I were to win the lottery, I would travel around the world.”(如果我中了彩票,我会环游世界。)
例句:“If he were to ask me, I would help him.”(如果他问我,我会帮助他。)在阅读理解中,尤其是描述某种假设情况的文章中,会用到这种虚拟语气。例如:“If she were to change her mind, we could try another plan.”(如果她改变主意,我们可以尝试另一个计划。)
与情态动词连用
在主句中,可以使用would/should/could/might等情态动词,表示不同的语气和可能性。
would:表示意愿或可能性较大
例句:“If I had enough money, I would buy a new car.”(如果我有足够的钱,我会买一辆新车。)
should:表示应该或建议
例句:“If you were in my position, you should think twice.”(如果你是我的位置,你应该三思。)
could:表示能力或可能性较小
例句:“If he had more time, he could finish the project.”(如果他有更多时间,他可以完成这个项目。)
might:表示较小的可能性
例句:“If it were to be sunny, we might go to the beach.”(如果天气晴朗,我们可能会去海滩。)
常见的虚拟语气句型
“If I were to...”:表示“如果我要……”,常用于表达与将来事实相反的假设。
例句:“If I were to win the game, I would be very happy.”(如果我赢得比赛,我会非常高兴。)在四六级的写作中,尤其是在表达假设情况时,会用到这种句型。例如:“If I were to get the job, I would move to a new city.”(如果我得到这份工作,我会搬到一个新的城市。)
“If it were not for...”:表示“要不是……”,用于表示一种与将来事实相反的假设。
例句:“If it were not for your support, I would not be able to continue.”(要不是你的支持,我无法继续。)在阅读理解中,尤其是描述某种假设情况的文章中,会用到这种句型。例如:“If it were not for the teacher's encouragement, I would not have tried again.”(要不是老师的鼓励,我不会再次尝试。)
与将来事实相反的虚拟语气的变体
省略if:在书面语中,特别是正式文体中,可以将if省略,将were/should/were to等助动词提前到句首。
例句:“Were it to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.”(如果明天下雨,运动会就会被推迟。)这种用法在四六级的阅读理解中可能会出现,尤其是在一些正式的文献或文章中。例如:“Should he ask me, I would help him.”(如果他问我,我会帮助他。)
使用“but for”代替“if it were not for”:在表示“要不是……”时,可以使用“but for”代替“if it were not for”。
例句:“But for your support, I would not be able to continue.”(要不是你的支持,我无法继续。)这种用法在四六级的写作中也很常见,尤其是在表达感激或假设情况时。例如:“But for the teacher's encouragement, I would not have tried again.”(要不是老师的鼓励,我不会再次尝试。)
以上就是新东方在线英语四级语法频道给大家整理的“2025年6月英语四级语法虚拟语气篇:与将来事实相反的虚拟语气”内容,希望可以给大家备考带来帮助。