新东方在线中考频道整理了《2020中考英语知识点讲解：阅读理解》，供同学们和家长参考。

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　　1、根据上下文的情景确定“意义”上正确的词

　　利用上下文信息，选择或填写正确的词是完型填空解题时最常用的方法之一。在做四选一的完型填空时，我们有时会发现每一个选项从语法角度来讲都可以说得通，遇到这种情况，我们应细读上下文，正确答案会在上下文中得到提示。试看以下例题：

　　[例1]

　　What do I remember about my childhood? There were good things and bad things. We used to live______ , and my parents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows and sheep.

　　A. in a town B. on a farm C. on a busy street D. in a city

　　【解析】本段主要讲作者回忆儿童时代所居住的地点。从四个选项来看都是可能的，语法上都说得通。但通过下文my parents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows and sheep.提示我们可以知道作者生活在农村，正确答案选B。

　　[例2]

　　1 was making a trip from Paris to London. At a small town near London, I stopped to do some s .As l was going into a very crowded shop. I saw a few young people talk in about something they had just b

　　【解析】本段主要讲作者在伦敦的一个小镇的经历。在第一空格上，由下文a very crowded shop这个词组可以推断应填shopping，这样也就很容易判断第二空格内应填bought了。

　　[例3]

　　I always remember waking up to the smell of the breakfast my mother was cooking. What a wonderful smell! I used to _______ ,wash quickly and run downstairs. My breakfast would be waiting for me on the table.

　　A. leave the bed B.lie in bed C. jump out of bed D. get up

　　【解析】本段讲每天早上妈妈煮的早餐发出诱人的香味，使得躺在床上的我立即起床。根据题干，A、C、D均和床有关联，但是按上下文情景的提示，此处还要表达作者的一种迫不及待的心情。因此只能选C。

　　[例4]

　　This is a special class. The students come from different c l . Some come from America, others from Germany, France, Japan. Their parents are w 2 in Shanghai.

　　【解析】这是一个特殊的班级，学生们来自于不同的地方。根据下文提到的America，Germany，France，Japan，可以判断第一格指的是国家country，由此也推断出学生的父母亲目前在上海工作。第二格由于谓语动词是be动词，所以这里的时态为进行时，表示目前状态。故应填现在分词working。

　　2、根据词汇的辨析和词组的搭配来解题

　　在选项中设置四个词性一致、意义相近的词是完型填空命题时常用的手段之一。在做此类题目时，必须要在特定的语境中选择最佳，或者也可以推敲一些固定的词组搭配来进行选项。在做首字母完型填空时，尤其应注意空格所缺单词的词性及词组搭配。

　　[例1]

　　On the train, Tom was looking l for his ticket because the conductor was coming __ 2 to his ticket.

　　1. A. out B. forward C. anywhere D. everywhere

　　2.A. down B. up C. in D. on

　　【解析】第一空格指Tom在火车上到处找车票，因此选D。everywhere为最佳答案，anywhere常用于否定句和疑问句中。第二空格意为列车员上前查票，走到某人面前come up to sb.为固定词组搭配，因此选B。

　　[例2]

　　After going a diet, a woman f l really good about herself—especially she was a 2 to fit into a pair of jeans.“Look, Look!" She shouted while running downstairs to

　　show her husband.

　　【解析】本段落主要讲一位女士经过减肥后可以穿得上一条牛仔裤，并要演示给她丈夫看的情景。第一格表达主人公的感觉很好，因此填felt;第二格表达她能够穿上牛仔裤了，be able to为固定搭配。

　　[例3]

　　A Japanese manager once said he himself and his workers would all stand while they were having meetings. Do you _________what he means?

　　A. think B. guess C. know D. understand

　　【解析】本段讲述了一个日本经理和他的员工在开会时将都站着。本题问的是你知道他说话的含义吗。从四个选项看，A和B放人句中意思不通，而C和D两个答案很接近。D选项强调理解他的意思，从上文句子看当然很好理解这句话讲述了什么事。但是其中的含义就不知道了。因此选项C才是最合适的。

　　[例4]

　　In March 1982, there was a t drought in Australia. The summer rain didn't fall, and the grass didn't grow. The farmers had to sell all their sheep. Many sheep d of hungry.

　　【解析】从下句the summer...推断这是一场严重的干旱，第一空格填terrible。根据上文提及的严重干旱可以知道由此而导致很多羊死于饥饿，die of是固定词组，第二空格填died。

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