2017.12.25 10:44
每年的12月25日是西方传统节日圣诞节，小编祝福大家圣诞节快乐。以下圣诞节知识知多少，供同学们参考。
The Origin of Santa Claus
圣诞老人的由来
Nicholas was born in Parara, Turkey in 270 CE and later became Bishop of Myra. He died in 345 CE on December 6th. He was only named a saint in the 19th century.
公历270年，尼古拉斯出生于土耳其帕拉拉(Parara)，随后成为迈拉的主教。他死于公历345年12月6日。他在19世纪才被任命为圣人。
Nicholas was among the most senior bishops who convened the Council of Nicaea in 325 CE and created the New Testament. The text they produced portrayed Jews as “the children of the devil” who sentenced Jesus to death.
尼古拉斯是在公历325年召开尼西亚会议、并创作《新约》的最高级别主教之一。他们创作的文字将犹太人描述为将耶稣判处死刑的“魔鬼的孩子”。
In 1087, a group of sailors who idolized Nicholas moved his bones from Turkey to a sanctuary in Bari, Italy. There Nicholas supplanted a female boon-giving deity called The Grandmother, or Pasqua Epiphania, who used to fill the children’s stockings with her gifts. The Grandmother was ousted from her shrine at Bari, which became the center of the Nicholas cult. Members of this group gave each other gifts during a pageant they conducted annually on the anniversary of Nicholas’ death, December 6.
1087年，一群崇拜尼古拉斯的水手将他的尸骨从土耳其运到了意大利巴里的一个圣所。尼古拉斯取代了一名被称为“奶奶(或者帕卡主显节)”的赐恩女神，后者曾经用她的礼物装满了孩子们的袜子。这位“奶奶”被赶出了她在巴里的神殿，后来那个神殿成为了尼古拉斯崇拜者们的中心。这群人将每年的12月6日定为尼古拉斯逝世纪念日，每年在这场盛会上组织成员都会互相赠送礼物。
The Nicholas cult spread north until it was adopted by German and Celtic pagans. These groups worshipped a pantheon led by Woden –their chief god and the father of Thor, Balder, and Tiw. Woden had a long, white beard and rode a horse through the heavens one evening each Autumn. When Nicholas merged with Woden, he shed his Mediterranean appearance, grew a beard, mounted a flying horse, rescheduled his flight for December, and donned heavy winter clothing.
这种对尼古拉斯的崇拜传播到了北方，被德国和凯尔特异教徒所吸收接纳。这些人崇拜的是由沃登(日耳曼神话中的主神，托儿、巴尔德尔、北欧战神Tiw的父亲)所领导的众神。沃登留有长长的、白色的胡须，每年冬天的一个晚上都会骑着马飞过天空。当尼古拉斯和沃登融合之后，他摆脱了自己在地中海时候的外貌，留起了胡子、骑着一匹飞马、将每年的飞行日改到了12月份、还穿起了厚厚的冬装。
圣诞节祝福语
平安夜祝福语
(来源：新东方在线论坛)
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