同等学力英语也是考试的重要科目,想要在实际的考试中收获到高分成绩,大家在日常的备考复习中,需要对这个科目进行重点的复习。那么具体的同等学力英语应该如何备考?小编为大家整理了“2023同等学力英语考前训练6”,供大家参考。
2023同等学力英语考前训练6
If there is one thing scientists have to hear,it is that the game is over. Raised on the belief of an endless voyage of discovery,they recoil(畏缩)from the suggestion that most of the best things have already been located. If they have,today’s scientists can hope to contribute no more than a few grace notes to the symphony of science.
A book to be published in Britain this week,The End of Science,argues persuasively that this is the case. Its author,John Horgan,is a senior writer for Scientific American magazine,who has interviewed many of today’s leading scientists and science philosophers. The shock of realizing that science might be over came to him,he says,when he was talking to Oxford mathematician and physicist Sir Roger Penrose.
The End of Science provoked a wave of denunciation(谴责)in the United States last year.“The reaction has been one of complete shock and disbelief.”Mr. Horgan says.
The real question is whether any remaining unsolved problems,of which there are plenty,lend themselves to universal solutions. If they do not,then the focus of scientific discovery is already narrowing. Since the triumphs of the 1960s—the genetic code,plate tectonics(板块构造说),and the microwave background radiation that went a long way towards proving the Big Bang—genuine scientific revolutions have been scarce. More scientists are now alive,spending more money on research,that ever. Yet most of the great discoveries of the 19th and 20th centuries were made before the appearance of state sponsorship,when the scientific enterprise was a fraction of its present size.
Were the scientists who made these discoveries brighter than today’s?That seems unlikely. A far more reasonable explanation is that fundamental science has already entered a period of diminished returns.“Look,don’t get me wrong,”says Mr. Horgan.“There are lots of important things still to study,and applied science and engineering can go on for ever. I hope we get a cure for cancer,and for mental disease,though there are few real signs of progress.”
66.
The sentence“most of the best things have already been located”could mean .
A. most of the best things have already been changed
B. most of the best things remain to be changed
C. there have never been so many best things waiting to be discovered
D. most secrets of the world have already been discovered
67.
John Horgan .
Ⅰ. has published a book entitled The End of Science
Ⅱ. has been working as an editor of Scientific American
Ⅲ. has been working many years as a literary critic
Ⅳ. is working as a science writer
A. Ⅰ and Ⅱ
B. Ⅰ only
C. Ⅰ and Ⅳ
D. Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅳ
68.
There have not been many genuine scientific revolutions in the past few decades because .
A. there have been decreased returns in the research of fundamental science
B. there are too many important things for scientists to study
C. applied science and engineering take up too much time and energy
D. today’s scientists are not as intelligent as those in the past
69.
The term“the Big Bang”probably refers to .
A. the genetic code theory
B. a geological theory
C. a theory of the origin of the universe
D. the origin and the power of atomic energy
70.
The best title of this passage can be .
A. Great Scientific Discoveries Will Never Be Possible
B. The Harsh Challenge Has to Be Met by Modern Scientists
C. The State Sponsorship and Scientific Enterprise Are All in Vain
D. The Chance for Great Scientific Discoveries Becomes Scarce
答案解析:
如果有一件事情科学家不愿意听的话,那就是:游戏结束了。他们是在“科学探索永无止境”这样的信念下成长的,大多数最好的东西已经被发现了,这样的暗示让他们畏缩不前。如果这些东西已经被发现了,那么今天的科学家能对科学的交响乐贡献的只不过是几个装饰音符罢了。
本周在英国将要出版的一本书 《科学的末日》 令人信服地说,事实就是如此。该书的作者约翰·霍根是 《科学的美国》 杂志的一名高级撰稿人,采访了许多当今科学界的领军人物和自然科学哲学家。他说,当他同牛津大学的数学家、物理学家罗杰·潘罗斯爵士交谈时,他意识到科学可能已经终结了,这一意识令他感到震惊。
去年,《科学的末日》 在美国引起了一股谴责浪潮。霍根先生说,“人们的反应完全是震惊和怀疑”。
真正的问题是:是否存在大量尚未解决的问题需要科学家们去寻求普遍的解决方案。如果没有,那么科学发现的核心就已经缩小了。从20世纪60年代取得胜利以来——如基因密码、板块构造说以及为证明大爆Zha理论走了很长一段路的微波背景辐射,真正的科学革命已经变少了。现在,更多的科学家还很积极,在科学研究上花费了更多的金钱。然而,19世纪和20世纪的大多数伟大发现是在国家的提倡之前就已经出现的,那时的科学事业还只是现在规模的一个零头。
创造了这些发明的科学家比现在的科学家聪明吗?似乎不可能。一个更合理的解释是:基础科学已经进入一个回报减少的时期。“注意,不要误会我的意思,”霍根先生说。“仍然有许多重要的事情需要去研究,应用科学与工程科学可以永远持续下去。我希望我们能够找到治愈癌症以及智障的方法,尽管似乎还没有显示出取得进展的迹象。”
66.
【正确答案】D
【考点类型】推理判断题
【解析过程】句子“most of the best things have already been located”的意思是 。
A. 大多数最好的事情已经发生了变化
B. 大多数最好的事情可能会发生变化
C. 从没有这么多最好事情等待被发现
D. 世界的大多数秘密已经被发现
线索:文章的第1段提到“Raised on the belief of an endless voyage of discovery,they recoil from the suggestion that most of the best things have already been located.”成长在“科学探索永无止境”这样的信念下,大多数最好的东西已经被发现了,这样的暗示让他们畏缩不前。此处,be located 作“被发现”讲,故选项D是正确的。
【考点提示】这个题主要是对locate这个词在某一特殊语境的具体含义的考查。这就需要学生能够在上下文的语境下推测判断单词的含义。这也是解决生词或者单词的其他含义的很好途径。在语境中理解单词,认识单词。
67.
【正确答案】C
【考点类型】逻辑推断题
【解析过程】约翰·霍根 。
Ⅰ. 已经出版了名为 《科学的末日》 一书
Ⅱ. 一直在 《科学美国》 杂志社做编辑
Ⅲ. 多年来一直从事文学批评
Ⅳ. 现在是一名科学作家
A. Ⅰ和Ⅱ
B.Ⅰ
C. Ⅰ和Ⅳ
D. Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅳ
线索:文章的第2段提到“A book to be published in Britain this week,The End of Science,argues persuasively that this is the case. Its author,John Horgan,is a senior writer for Scientific American magazine,...”本周将要在英国出版的一本书 《科学的末日》,令人信服地说,事实就是如此。该书的作者约翰·霍根是 《科学的美国》 杂志的资深撰稿人,……这里,提到了约翰·霍根的名为 《科学的末日》 这本书在这周被出版,而且他也是 《科学的美国》 杂志的一名资深撰稿人。这表明选项C是正确答案。
【考点提示】这是一个逻辑推断题,主要考查学生的逻辑推断能力。要解决这个问题,就要吃透文章第2段的内容,要学会从第2段中抽出这个题所需的主要内容。
68.
【正确答案】A
【考点类型】推理判断题
【解析过程】在过去的几十年内,没有许多真正的科学革命是因为 。
A. 在基础科学研究方面的回报减少
B. 科学家们的重要事情太多而无法作研究
C. 实用科学和工程学占用了太多的时间和能量
D. 现今的科学家没有过去的科学家们智商高
线索:文章的第5段提到“Were the scientists who made these discoveries brighter than today’s?That seems unlikely. A far more reasonable explanation is that fundamental science has already entered a period of diminished returns.”难道当时做出这些发现的科学家比现在的科学家聪明吗?似乎不可能。一个更合理的解释是:基础科学已经进入回报减少的时期。这里diminished的意思是:减少,与decrease是近义词。这表明选项A是正确答案。
【考点提示】这是推理判断题,主要是考查学生的逻辑推理能力。在逻辑推理的同时也要把握关键词如diminished的含义,这样问题就解决了。
69.
【正确答案】C
【考点类型】推理判断题
【解析过程】“大爆Zha”这个词语可能指的是 。
A. 基因密码理论
B. 地质学理论
C. 宇宙起源理论
D. 起源和原子能
线索:文章的第4段提到“Since the triumphs of the 1960s—the genetic code,plate teconics,and the microwave background radiation that went a long way towards proving the Big Bang—... ”从20世纪60年代取得胜利(如:基因密码、板块构造说以及在证明大爆Zha理论方面走了很长一段路的微波背景辐射)以来,……这里“微波背景辐射”主要是对宇宙的研究。表明选项C是正确答案。
【考点提示】这个题的题眼是对专业名词“microwave background radiation”(微波背景辐射)的掌握。这个专业名词需要一定的专业背景知识,难度在这里。
70. 【正确答案】D
【考点类型】主旨归纳题
【解析过程】该文的最佳标题是 。
A. 重大的科学发现将永远不可能出现
B. 现代科学家们一定遇到艰难的挑战
C. ZF支持和科学机构都是徒劳
D. 重大科学发现的机会寥寥无几
线索1:文章的第1段提到“If there is one thing scientists have to hear,it is that the game is over.”如果有一件事情科学家不愿意听的话,那就是:游戏结束了。
线索2:文章的第2段提到“The shock of realizing that science might be over came to him,he says,when he was talking to Oxford mathematician and physicist Sir Roger Penrose.”他说,当他和牛津大学的数学家兼物理学Roger Penrose交谈时,让他感到震惊的是:科学可能结束了。
线索3:文章的第4段“Since the triumphs of the 1960s—the genetic code,plate tectonics(板块构造说),and the microwave background radiation that went a long way towards proving the Big Bang—genuine scientific revolutions have been scarce.”从20世纪60年代取得胜利(如:基因密码、板块构造说以及在证明大爆Zha理论方面走了很长一段路的微波背景辐射)以来,真正的科学革命已经很少了。这些线索均表明选项D是正确答案。
【考点提示】这道题是考查大家的综合归纳能力。在这里,大家要注意每段主要谈的是什么,贯穿在文章中的是什么主题。
以上就是为大家整理的“2023同等学力英语考前训练6”,希望大家可以更好的准备同等学力英语考试,在接下来的考试中取得更好的成绩!