2022考研：MPA面试真题系列总结2
接着上周的面试真题，老吕继续为大家推出第二期MPA面试真题，这些真题都是通过学员个人亲自描述所得，具有十分重要的参考意义，希望大家能够认真消化吸收，将其转化成个人的知识储备。
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MPA面试真题汇总
@陆同学：北京市某区机关单位公务员 24岁
面试专业课真题：结合实际，谈谈我们的绿色发展战略
参考答案：进入工业文明时代以来，人类创造了前所未有的物质财富，也产生了难以弥补的生态创伤。一些发达国家以邻为壑，将有毒有害固体废弃物倾销到发展中国家，将高消耗高污染产业转移到发展中国家，以牺牲他国绿色、拒不承担减排责任来维护自我利益。
中国奉行绿色发展理念，高举和平、发展、合作、共赢的旗帜，倡导构建人类命运共同体，推动建设持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界，为维护全球生态安全、实现2030年可持续发展目标不断做出新贡献。
“大力推进生态文明建设、切实贯彻绿色发展理念，中国的决心和成效举世瞩目。中国绿色发展的主张、方案和行动，赢得了世界各国的赞誉。”中国社会科学院学部委员、城市发展与环境研究所所长潘家华表示。
绿色发展理念在中国生根发芽，为环保企业带来了很多发展机遇，环境治理、环境修复、生态建设都有很大的市场。”中持水务股份有限公司董事长许国栋说。乘着碧水保卫战的东风，最近，中持股份连获大单，公司营业收入翻番增长。
绿色产业站上“风口”。2022年中国生态环境保护和环境治理业投资同比增长高达43%。2022年前三季度，环保产业营业收入达1.06万亿元，同比增长17.7%。以第三方治理、环境管家服务等为核心的现代环境服务产业体系，加速形成。
生态环境监管力度加大、环境标准提高，促进节能环保产业发展壮大，为经济发展增添新动力。
“绿色发展决定了环保产业发展具有可持续性，随着美丽中国建设的深入，环保产业的发展空间会继续扩大，发展质量会进一步提升。”中国环保产业协会秘书长易斌满怀信心。
黄河“几”字弯之南，内蒙古库布其沙漠。这里曾经黄沙漫漫，如今绿意葱茏，治沙面积达6000多平方公里，创造生态财富5000多亿元，被联合国环境规划署确立为全球沙漠“生态经济示范区”。“库布其沙漠生态经济是一种新型生态商业模式，通过政府与企业合作，运用市场化机制，实现土地退化修复的可持续发展。”联合国防治荒漠化公约执行秘书莫妮卡·巴布如此评价。
英语专业课真题：What do you think of swimming as a compulsory course in Tsinghua University?(清华大学把游泳当作必修课，你有什么看法?)
参考答案：From the analysis of the information reported by the media, it is fully demonstrated that Tsinghua university regards swimming as a compulsory course for undergraduates. From the history of running a school, Tsinghua has long had the "old school rules" of taking swimming as a compulsory course; from the reality, Tsinghua also has the necessity and feasibility of taking swimming as a compulsory course. From the perspective of necessity, swimming not only has the function of physical exercise, but also is the survival skills that students need to master. Moreover, considering that Chinese students (because of long-term exam oriented Education) do not attach importance to physical education, emphasizing compulsory physical education can promote students' attention to physical education. From the perspective of feasibility, Tsinghua has made a scientific design on how to carry out swimming teaching, including that in order to prevent drowning and other dangerous events, Tsinghua swimming class should try to teach in small classes, generally 20 people, and there are lifeguards in the class. For some students suffering from chronic diseases, skin diseases or even water phobia or physical discomfort, the Ministry of sports will work with the school hospital to screen them in advance. As long as the certificates provided by students are approved, they can be exempted from compulsory swimming, and so on.
Some people are puzzled that swimming should be included in the compulsory course, which is a "subconscious reaction" of not realizing the importance of sports. In fact, some provinces and cities in our country have taken swimming as a compulsory item of physical education for primary and secondary school students. However, this compulsory project has to be promoted or faced with the limitations of venues and teachers. Therefore, the more important issue is that China should increase the investment in basic sports facilities in schools (including primary, middle and large schools), so that schools that want to take swimming as a compulsory course can have venues to carry out teaching. Otherwise, for schools with lack of venues, it is a luxury to discuss whether to take swimming as a compulsory course, They are only envious of Tsinghua's excellent swimming conditions.
@钱同学：北京市某区公务员 29岁
面试专业课真题：怎么看简政放权
参考答案：简政放权其实很早就得到了政府的关注。在新中国刚建立之初，国家经济还不发达，很多事情需要国家统一调度分配。随着市场经济的发展，我们越来越意识到市场经济的活跃需要简政放权。在抗战时期，毛泽东同志为了改进机关主义、形式主义、官僚主义，就提出过“精兵简政”，而在改革开放的历史进程中，行政体制改革的重点也是简政放权。
“集权”其实也是一个历史遗留问题。首先因为传统文化的影响，国家政府总希望积极为人们“做事”，另一方面，因为集中力量办大事的口号，很多大事情确实是在集权的条件下很顺利的进行的，其次还有对于掌控权力的习惯，在经过了这么多年时间后，很难丢弃，所以简政放权困难重重。
那么如何进行呢?我们简政放权的对象是人民，所以调动人民群众的积极性是改革成功的关键。集中人民的智慧，是走中国特色社会主义道路的关键。还政于人民，让人民更多的参与到对国家、政府的管理中来，让人民能够充分的发表意见。让人民意识到自己才是国家的主人，那么简政放权就落到了实处
英语面试真题：Should the state introduce paid holiday for children to support the elderly(国家是否应该出台带薪休假，用于子女赡养老人)
参考答案：The parents of the only child made self sacrifice in order to carry out the national policy. Due to the traditional concept of "raising children for the aged" and the lag of the construction of social pension institutions in reality, at present, the vast majority of the elderly in China are still at home. This is not a big problem for the old people who used to have many children. Children can share the responsibility of supporting the old people. However, for the only child, they bear much more pension pressure. A couple may have to support four or more elderly people at the same time.
In the long run, the mode of home-based care is bound to change. Whether it's the only child or the second child, under the pressure of modern life, supporting their parents must be beyond their power. Now it's too late to prepare for a rainy day. We should make up for it and vigorously establish public and private multi-level pension institutions. At present, the middle-aged and old people's concern about the pension institutions is not a simple concept problem, but the problem of too few existing pension institutions. With the increase of aging, the government may have to build institutions for the aged just like schools.
@高同学：北京市机关单位公务员 30岁
面试专业课真题：谈供给侧结构性改革中的“一降一补”
参考答案：关于“降成本”,很显然,对于企业自己可以降低的成本来说,不用政府太操心,政府只要维护了公平竞争环境,企业会千方百计把事情做到极致,在“细节决定成败”的所有节点上去控制成本、降低成本。
从政府角度来说,真正需其发力的降成本,一定要针对制度性成本。在制度性成本里,税收上需要继续做好一系列可能的减税改革,但税收之外的非税收入这方面的成本,比如各种各样的行政性收费,以及我们社保体系的“五险一金”,还有降低的空间和必要。
特别是隐性的成本,比如一个企业开办要盖几十个章,每个章后面跟着的都要有“打点”,这种隐性综合成本能不能降下来,绝对不是减税概念能覆盖的事情,一定是综合配套改革概念才能覆盖和解决的问题,要抓住这个实质。
关于“补短板”,需要清晰地注意到供给侧结构性改革和供给体系质量效率提高,在补短板方面的哲理和原则是非常鲜明的:一定是要解决结构问题,而这个结构问题在具体分析基础上的对策,必须在各地、各行业、各企业专门“对症下药”地形成,什么是其短板,怎么补?绝对没有一个笼统的拿来就可以套用的补短板的标准化解决方案。
这就是供给管理明显区别于需求管理的特点之所在:需求管理是非常清晰的指标单一、政府以调控做反周期操作的模式,而到了供给管理、供给侧的补短板,特别强调的是因地制宜、因企制宜、因行业制宜,一定要有高水平的特定解决方案的设计,这是我们必须面对的供给侧结构性改革的挑战。
英语真题：Should children learn to use computers earlier(孩子应该更早学习使用计算机吗)
参考答案：I think it's reasonable to learn computer from a baby. It's good for children to learn and grow up by letting them touch computer from childhood. Especially in today's information society, mastering computer knowledge is undoubtedly the golden key to open the treasure house of knowledge, and children can freely learn the knowledge they need.
Learning to use computers from childhood can also develop children's intelligence and enrich their imagination. As for the online games that parents are worried about, we now have technology to "block" it.
Investment in children's education should be made sooner rather than later. Investment in education is the most cost-effective investment. The earlier the investment, the greater the input-output ratio. This is what I believe.
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面试考核应对策略
01 做好提前应对
虽然复试面试是一场随机性很强的考核，无法完全复刻面试当天的各种情况，但是我们可以结合以往的经验，主动出击，找准复试关键难点，开展有针对性的复习，从复试场景模拟、考核重点内容、突发状况处置这三个角度进行全方位的模拟演练，将复试当天可能发生的场景，进行全面的整理和推演，同时，可以寻求往届学长姐的帮助，获得考核当天具体安排及考核老师具体特点的信息，做好应对各种情况的准备。
02 临考注意事项
距离复试只剩一星期的时候，是非常关键的时期，这段时间要根据复试的时间安排，对个人生物钟的进行调整，一定要把握住正确的时间点，该睡觉的时间，保证充足的睡眠，该集中注意力复习的时间，要提醒自己专注在学习和备考上，等到考试前，就可以保证一个良好的个人精神状态，而且，临考前最好花费一些精力在个人的形象整理和保养上，从发型、皮肤和着装上用心去想办法，保证考核当天能够给考核老师一个好的印象。
把握住最关键的面试机会，就相当于把握住了录取的机会，做好全方位的复试准备工作，相信胜利的曙光一定会照进你的心房!