考研英语部分，打好基础，做好提高练习，才能够真正的提升英语水平，辅助我们在考试中有更好的发挥。小编为考生整理了详细的内容，供大家参考!
which VS that
which和that都可指代物，有时候可以互换，有时却是“水火不容”：
一、只用that不能用which的情况：
(1)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时：
The most important thing that we should do is to study hard.
我们要做的最重要的事情就是努力学习。
(2)被修饰的先行词为all/ any/ much/ many/ everything/ anything/ none/the one等不定代词时：
Is there any thing that you want to buy?你有什么东西要买吗?
(3)先行词被the only/ the very/ the same/the last/ little/ few等词修饰时：
This is the same book that I lost.这就是我丢的那本书。
(3)先行词里同时含有人和物时：
I can remember the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
(4)避免重复：
Which is the pen that belongs to you?哪支笔是你的?
(5)主句是there be结构：
There is a pen on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那支笔是汤姆的。
二、只用which，而不用that的情况：
(1)先行词为that/ those时：
What’s that which is under the desk?在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
(2)关系代词前有介词时：
This is the city in which he lives.这是他生活的城市。
(3)引导非限制性定语从句：
Tom passed the exam, which made us surprised.汤姆通过了考试，这使我们很惊讶。
that VS who
两者均可指人，有时可互换：
All that /who heard the news were sad. 所有听到消息的人都很伤心。
He is the only one among us that/ who knows Spanish.他是我们中间唯一懂西班牙语的人。
一、只用that不能用who的情况：
(1)当先行词指人又指物时：
I remember the persons and pictures that I saw in the museum. 我记得在博物馆看到的那些人和图片。
(2)避免重复：
Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982? 谁赢得了1982年的世界杯?
(3)当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(可省略)：
Jack is not the boy (that) he was ten years ago.杰克不再是十年前那个样子了。
二、只用who不能用that的情况:
(1)先行词为one、ones或anyone ：
Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. 所有违法的人都该受到惩罚。
(2)先行词为those且指人 ：
Those who break the law will be punished. 违法的那些人都会受到惩罚。
(3)在there be开头的句子中：
There is a student who wants to see you.
(4)避免重复：
Who is the boy that is writing?正在写字的那个男孩是谁?
(5)在非限制性定语从句中:
I have a good friend, who comes from the USA.
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