武汉科技大学2020年357英语翻译基础真题及答案
注意：所有答题内容必须写在答题纸上，写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效；考完后试题随答题纸交回。
Part One Phrase Translation (30 points)
Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate 30 phrases, either from English to Chinese or from Chinese to English.
Section A English to Chinese (15 points)
1) the city cluster in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region
2) ecological conservation redline
3) high-performance carbon fibers
4) World Anti-Doping Agency
5) J-20 stealth fighter
6) application of blockchain technology
7) Leung Chun-ying
8) zombie company
9) adapt to the economic new normal
10) face-scanning check-in
11) real estate destocking
12) state-of-the-art technology
13) renovation of dilapidated rural housing
14) renewable resource recycling
15) put people first and govern for the people
Section B Chinese to English (15 points)
1) 中国社会主义现代化建设
2) 协同创新
3) 区域协调发展
4) 发展新动能
5) 工匠精神
6) 全面依法治国
7) 人类命运共同体
8) 构建新型大国关系
9) 红白喜事
10) 货到付款
11) 上市公司
12) 增强文化自信
13) 优化产业结构
14) 普惠金融
15) 绿草茵茵，踏之何忍
Part Two Passage Translation(120 points)
Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate one English passage into Chinese and one Chinese passage into English.
Section A English to Chinese (60 points)
TO GOOGLE is now in broad usage as a verb for retrieving information from the internet. If the tech giant has its way, “I Googled” will become a standard reply to the question, “How did you get here?” On May 28th Google said it would build 100 prototype driverless cars devoid of pedals, steering wheel or controls save an on/off switch. It is the next stage in its apparent quest to be as ubiquitous on the road as on computer screens.
People have dreamed about driverless motoring since at least the 1930s, but only in recent years have carmakers such as Mercedes-Benz and Volvo given the matter more thought, kitting out test cars with the sensors and sophisticated software required to negotiate busy roads. Google has roared ahead by designing a driverless car from the ground up.
But bringing autonomous motoring to the world is proving harder than Google had envisaged. It once promised it by 2017. Now it does not see production models coming out before 2020. The technology is far advanced, but needs shrinking in size and cost-Google’s current test cars, retrofitted Toyota and Lexus models, are said to be packed with $80,000-worth of equipment.
Google’s latest efforts may have as much to do with convincing the public and lawmakers as refining the technology. The firm stresses the safety advantages of computers being more likely than humans to avoid accidents. The cars will have a top speed of just 25mph and a front end made of soft foam to cushion unwary pedestrians. The benefits could indeed be huge. Driving time could be given over to working, snoozing or browsing the web. Rather than suffer all the costs of owning a car, some people may prefer to summon a rented one on their smartphones whenever they need it. However, the issue of liability in the event of a driverless car crashing has yet to be resolved.
Turning cars into commodities may not be good news for traditional carmakers. But reinventing motoring as a service fits neatly with Google’s plans to become as big in hardware as in software. And unlike car firms, which talk vaguely of becoming “mobility providers”, Google has pots of cash to make that a reality and no worries about disrupting its current business. Google admits it still has “lots of work to do”. But one day Googling to the shops may be a common activity.
Section B Chinese to English (60 points)
最近各界都在热议中国经济，有看好的，有唱衰的。我想指出的是，中国经济依然强劲，2018年增长6.6%，不仅位于合理区间，在主要经济体中也名列前茅，对世界经济增长的贡献率仍接近30%；中国GDP总量已突破13.6万亿美元，仅增量就相当于一个中等发达国家经济总量。更重要的是，中国经济不仅是“量”的增加，而是“质”的提高。2018年，新产业、新产品、新业态、新模式不断涌现，消费对经济增长贡献率增至76.2%，网上零售额增长超过20%。随着中国经济从高速增长向高质量增长转型，中国必将为包括英国在内的世界各国带来更多机遇。
当然，中英关系也面临一些挑战，首当其冲就是英国脱欧。最近，我经常与英国朋友探讨脱欧前景，听到最多的一句话就是“没人能说得清楚”，正如一句中国流行广告词，“一切皆有可能”。英国和欧盟都是中国的重要贸易伙伴，我们希望英欧双方达成一个互惠互利的协议。我想强调的是，无论脱欧如何演进、无论最终结果如何，中方坚持中英关系“黄金时代”的大方向不会改变。
参考消息：
注意：所有答题内容必须写在答题纸上，写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效；考完后试题随答题纸交回。
Part One Phrase Translation (30 points)
Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate 30 phrases, either from English to Chinese or from Chinese to English.
Section A English to Chinese (15 points,1 point for each item)
1) 京津冀城市群
2) 生态保护红线
3) 高性能碳纤维
4) 世界反兴奋剂机构
5) 歼20隐形战机
6) 区块链技术应用
7) 梁振英
8) 僵尸企业
9) 适应经济新常态
10) 刷脸进站
11) 房地产去库存
12) 先进技术
13) 农村危房改造
14) 可再生资源回收/循环再利用
15) 以人为本、执政为民
Section B Chinese to English (15 points,1 point for each item)
1) the socialist modernization of China
2) collaborative innovation
3) coordinated development between/across regions
4) new drivers of growth/new growth drivers
5) (spirit of) craftsmanship
6) comprehensively implement the rule of law
7) a community with a shared future for mankind
8) build a new model of major-country relationship
9) weddings or funerals
10) cash on arrival
11) listed company
12) build more/stronger confidence in Chinese culture
13) optimize/upgrade industrial structure
14) inclusive finance
15) Please keep off the grass.
Part Two Passage Translation (120 points)
Directions: This part consists of two sections. In the following two sections you are supposed to translate one English passage into Chinese and one Chinese passage into English.
Section A English to Chinese (60 points)
如今，“谷歌”作为动词，其广义是指在互联网搜索信息。如果这一科技巨头投身汽车研发领域，对于“你是怎么来这的？”这种问题，它的标准答案将会是“我坐谷歌来的”。5月28日，谷歌表示，其将制造100辆无人驾驶原型车，它们没有踏板，没有方向盘，也没有其他控制表盘，只留下一个开关键。谷歌希望在无人车市场能够做到与搜索市场一样，给人们提供生活中必不可少的服务，这显然是下一阶段追求。
至少从19世纪30年代起，人们就已经开始设想无人驾驶汽车，但只有奔驰、沃尔沃这些汽车制造商，在近些年尝试把这一想法付诸实践。一辆装备着传感器和复杂软件的测试车需要在繁忙的道路上权衡最佳行车方案。谷歌公司从零起步，设计无人驾驶汽车，已经鹤立鸡群。
但是现实证明，无人驾驶汽车的面世比谷歌预想的要难。它曾承诺2017年就能面世。而今预计在2020年前，产品模型不会被制造出来。这项技术十分超前，但需要缩减规模及成本，谷歌现阶段的测试车改装自丰田和雷克萨斯的车型，据说测试车里塞满了价值8万美元的设备。
谷歌目前不仅要努力地完善这项技术，还要努力说服公众及立法者。谷歌强调此产品的优势是安全性，在避免车祸方面，电脑比人类表现更佳。无人驾驶汽车最高时速仅为40公里，其前端由软泡沫材料制造而成，若撞上粗心的行人，可起缓冲作用。这样确有很大好处。开车的时间可以用于工作、打盹或浏览网页。比起自己买一辆车，一些人可能更喜欢在需要用车的时候，用智能手机叫辆出租车。然而，无人驾驶汽车发生车祸时的责任认定问题还有待解决。
对传统汽车制造商来说，把无人驾驶汽车转化成为商品，也许不是什么好消息。但是把汽车彻底转变成一种服务，正好契合了谷歌想在硬件领域发展的和在软件领域一样强大的计划。普通汽车公司模糊地表达着成为“移动供应商”的想法，和这些汽车公司不同，谷歌拥有大量资金来实现无人驾驶的设想，并不担心这一项目会扰乱目前公司业务。谷歌承认这一项目还有很多工作要做。但是，有一天，乘坐谷歌无人驾驶汽车去商店购物，也许会变成寻常事。
Section B Chinese to English (60 points)
China’s economy has been a hot topic lately. Some people talk it up. Others talk it down. Despite the different opinions, I would like to point out that the Chinese economy remains robust. China’s economy grew by 6.6% in 2018. This is not only within the anticipated range. It is also one of the fastest among major economies and contributed nearly 30% of global growth. China’s overall GDP has exceeded $13.6 trillion, with the increment equaling the total GDP of a middle-income country. What is more important, China’s economy has grown not only in quantity but also in quality. In 2018, new industries, new products and new business models have emerged; consumption contributed 76.2% of economic growth; and on-line retail sales increased by more than 20%. China is shifting from high-speed growth to high-quality growth. This will create more opportunities for other countries in the world, including the UK.
While we are encouraged by these opportunities, we are fully aware of the challenges that lie ahead in China-UK relations. The first and foremost challenge is Brexit. When I ask my British friends about the prospects of Brexit, I would most probably get this answer: It’s hard to tell. To borrow from a popular Chinese TV commercial, “anything is possible.” Both the UK and the EU are important trading partners of China. We hope that the UK and the EU will reach a mutually-beneficial agreement. What I would like to stress here is this: No matter how Brexit will evolve and where it will end, China will remain committed to the China-UK “Golden Era”.
Passage Translation Score Description
60-55 EXCELLENT TRANSLATION
The translation faithfully reflects all the original sentences with only 1 or 2 minor errors in vocabulary, syntax, punctuation or spelling. The translation is elegant (appropriate choice of words, a variety in sentence patterns).
54-45 GOOD TRANSLATION WITH FEW INACCURACIES
The translation reflects almost all the original sentences with relatively few significant errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is readable (generally clear, smooth and cohesive).
44-35 PASSABLE TRANSLATION WITH SOME INACCURACIES
The translation adequately reflects most of the original sentences with occasional errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is, for the most part, readable.
34-20 INADEQUATE TRANSLATION WITH FREQUENT INACCURACIES
The translation only reflects about half of the original sentences with frequent errors of vocabulary, syntax, spelling or punctuation. The translation is, in some parts, unreadable.