英美文学考试中，名词解释是一种常考的题型。在此为大家整理了一些解释，希望可以给你的复习带来便利!

　　▶45. Exemplum (说教故事)

　　A tale, usually inserted into the text of a sermon, that illustrates a moral principle.

　　说教故事:一种短小的体现某种道德原则的故事性文章，通常出现在布道文中。

　　▶46. Fable (寓言)

　　A brief story that is told to present a moral, or practical lesson.

　　寓言：一种体现某种道德观念或实用价值的说教性文章。

　　▶47. Farce (轻喜剧)

　　A kind of comedy based on a ridiculous situation, often with stereotyped characters.

　　轻喜剧: 一种以可笑的情节的为基础的喜剧，通常包含固定的角色。

　　▶48. Figurative Language (象征性语言)

　　Language that is not intended to be interpreted in a literal sense.

　　象征性语言：不能直接用字面意义来理解的语言。

　　▶49. Figure of Speech (比喻)

　　A word or an expression that is not meant to be interpreted in literal sense.

　　比喻：不能直接按照字面意义理解的词语或表述方法。

　　▶50. Flashback(倒叙)

　　A literary device in which an earlier event is inserted into a narrative.

　　倒叙，闪回镜头：一种文学或电影的表现手法，往往在一段按正常时间顺序记叙的叙事中插入一件以前发生过的事情

　　▶51. Foil (陪衬)

　　A character who sets off another character by contrast.

　　陪衬：用来反衬其他人物的人物。

　　▶52. Foreshadowing (铺垫)

　　The use of hints or clues in a narrative to suggest what will happen later.

　　铺垫：用来预示将要发生的事情的线索或暗示。

　　▶53. Free verse (自由诗体)

　　Verses that has neither a metrical pattern or an regular pattern.

　　自由诗体:既不具格式韵律又不具常规格律的诗体。

　　▶54. hyperbole (夸张法)

　　A figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect

　　夸张法：一种比喻，使用夸张来强调或产生某种效果。

　　▶55. Iambic pentameter (五步抑扬格)

　　A poetic line consisting of five verse feet, with each foot an iamb--that is, an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.

　　五步抑扬格:一种诗句形式，每行诗句包含五个抑扬格音步。

　　▶56. Imagery(意象)

　　Words or phrases that create pictures, or images, in readers‘ mind.

　　意象：用来在读者的思维中唤起某种图示或形象的词汇。

　　▶57. Incremental repetition (递进重复)

　　The repetition of a previous line or lines, but with a slight variation each time that advances the narrative stanza by stanza.

　　递进重复：诗歌中对上文中一行或几行的重复，但每次重复都有一定的变化，而且每一节的重复中的叙述都有所强化。

　　▶58. Inversion (倒装句)

　　The technique of reversing, or inverting the normal word order of a sentence.

　　倒装句：一种将句子正常的表达方法倒置的技巧。

　　▶59. Invocation (开篇祷告)

　　A call to a muse, god or spirit for inspiration at the beginning of an epic or other poem.

　　开篇祷告：在史诗或诗歌的开篇企求神灵给予启示的文字。

　　▶60. Irony (反语)

　　A contrast between what is stated and what is really meant, or between what is expected to happen and what actually happened.

　　反语：一种建立在字面表述和真实意义上或期待产生的结果和真实的结果之间的对比。