攻克考研英语长难句要有恒心和耐心，一点点的去积累去提升，正是寒假小长假复习阶段，大家不妨每天看一看练练，既能积累词汇，还能提升翻译阅读能力。下面来看今天的句子。　

　　But, for a small group of students, professionaltraining might be the way to go since well-developedskills, all other factors being equal, can be thedifference between having a job and not.

　　译文：但是对少数学生来说，职业培训也许是条可取之路，因为在其他因素相同的情况下，技能的娴熟程度是能否得到工作的关键。

　　点睛：本句是个复合句，主句的主干为…training might bethe way…。介词短语for a small group of students表明所指的对象。主句之后是由since引导的原因状语从句，该从句的主干为…skills... can be the difference... Between...and...。all other factors being equal是一个独立主格结构，在句中作条件状语。句尾的not是not having a job的省略形式。

　　考点归纳：独立主格结构是由名词/代词+分词/分词短语构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子，而不是一个词或短语。独立主格结构中的名词或代饲与其后的分词(短语)构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，且位置相当灵活，可簧于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。

　　*需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。

　　1)Night enshrouding the earth, nobody could make out what the dark mass was from adistance.

　　黑夜笼罩大地，谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。(逗号前为独立主格)

　　2)He lay at full length upon his stomach, his head resting upon his left forearm.

　　他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，头枕着左臂，直挺挺地趴伏着。

　　3)The coward was backing, his face being deathly pale, toward another room.

　　那个胆小鬼向另一个房间退去，脸色煞白。

　　*独立主格结构多用于书面语，尤其是描述性语言中，在口语和非正式文体中，一般用从句或两个句子来代替。例如，上述例句可变为：

　　1) Because night enshrouded the earth,nobody could make out what the dark mass was from adistance.

　　2) He lay at full length upon his stomach. His head rested upon his left forearm.

　　3) The coward was backing toward another room. His face was deathly pale.

　　*独立主格结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。

　　1)作时间状语

　　The governor pondering the matter, more strikers gathered across his path.=While thegovernor was pondering the matter, more strikers gathered across his path.

　　总督思考这个问题时，更多的罢工者聚集在他要通过的路上。

　　2)作条件状语

　　Weather permitting, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.=If weather permits,theywill go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.

　　如果天气允许的话，明天他们将组织一次海滨小游。

　　3)作原因状语

　　The storm drawing near, the navvy decided to call it a day.=Since the storm was drawing near,the navvy decided to call it a day.

　　由于暴风雨即将来临，那个挖土工人决定收工。

　　4)作伴随状语

　　I took my ticket, and marched proudly up the platform, with my cheeses, the people fallingback respectfully on either .side. = I took my ticket, and marched proudly up the platform, withmy cheeses, and the people fell back respectfully on either side.

　　我拿着车票和我的奶酪，雄赳赳气昂昂地跨步走向月台。人们似乎很尊敬我，纷纷向两边退去。