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New Cancer Drugs Harness Power of Immune System
新癌症药物使免疫系统变得更强大
In the Bristol-Myers study, using a two-drug combination that targets the immune system resulted in "rapid and deep tumor regressions" in nearly one-third of 52 skin cancer patients treated with the combination, researchers said. The drugs were melanoma treatment Yervoy, already on the market, and the company's experimental drug nivolumab.
据研究人员说，在Bristol-Myers研究中，用两种药物联合治疗免疫系统疾病，导致在52名皮肤癌患者中将近三分之一的人出现显著的回归相关性。治疗黑色瘤病的药物Yervoy,和实验性药物nivolumab已经上市。
The combination was more effective than each drug given alone, said Jedd Wolchok, an oncologist at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York, who led that study.
负责这项研究的纽约纪念Sloan-Kettering癌症中心的肿瘤学家Jedd Wolchok说，药物联合治疗比单独治疗更有效。
Scientists have been trying for decades to understand why the body's immune system didn't see cancer cells as the enemy and attack them. Recent discoveries revealed that tumors are adept at cloaking themselves by hijacking the body's own mechanism for preventing the system's T-cells, the infection-and disease-fighting cells of the immune system, from running amok against healthy tissue.
为什么身体的免疫系统不能识别癌细胞并攻击它们，这一问题科学家们已研究了数十年。最新研究发现，肿瘤擅长通过劫持身体免疫系统的T细胞、抗感染和抗疾病细胞来隐藏自己，并大肆破坏人体健康。
Though the studies are small, the results reflect rapidly growing conviction that immunotherapy is the next big front in the war on cancer. Merck & Co., for instance, is also moving quickly with a candidate that targets the immune system.
尽管研究很小，但研究结果发现了一个快速发展的理念。那就是，免疫疗法将是抗癌战争中的下一个战役。比如，默克公司正将其目标转移到免疫系统的研究上来。
Side effects of the drugs include inflammation associated with the immune system's activation against tumors, but researchers said they were either resolved or were treated without serious consequence.
药物的副作用包括引发了对抗肿瘤的免疫系统的炎症，但研究者认为对这一副作用的治疗效果不明显。
Based on the new results, Roche is planning to launch a late-stage trial of its PD-L1 inhibitor in lung-cancer patients，while Bristol-Myers is moving its combination regimen into late-phase studies as well.
基于新的研究结果，Roche正计划在肿瘤患者身上开始一个关于PD-L1抑制剂的后期实验，Bristol-Myers也将对它的联合疗法进行后一阶段的研究。