在考研英语中，语法的学习可以使我们更好的识别句子结构，理解句子。考研英语语复习是一个慢慢学习并积累的过程。掌握了考研英语语法可以使考研考生在考研阅读理解长难句、考研作文中发挥重要作用。
以f(e)结尾名词的复数形式
英语中以f(e)结尾的可数名词有100多个.其中:
①直接加s的有:
serf
belief
roof
gulf
chief
cliff
proof
safe
stuff
②须改f(e)为ves的有
calf
life
loaf
self
sheaf
shelf
thief
wife
wolf
③既可直接加s,又可改f为ves的有:
dwarf
hoof
hankerchief
neckchief
oaf
scarf
turf
wharf
④bee,staff的复数虽然有两种方式,但含义不同:
staffs(工作人员) staves(五线谱)
beeves(菜牛) beefs(牢骚)
besides,but,except,exept for,excepting,apart from的区别
(1) besides与except
前者表示"除...以外，还有...";后者表示"从整体中除去..."
这个大家都知道，就不举例子了.
(2)except与except for
a.除去的和非除去的是同类事物，用except
eg：
All the essays are well written except Nelson's.
Nelson的文章(除去的)和All the essays(非除去的)是同类事物，所以用except.
b.除去的和非除去的不是同类事物，用except for，并且从语气上通常表示遗憾.
eg：His essay is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.
a few spelling mistakes(除去的)和His essay(非除去的)是不同类的事物.
(3)apart from 具有多重意义：既可表示besides，也可以表示exept或exept for，还可以表示without的意思eg：
Apart from the cost,it will take a lot of time.(=besides)
The orphan had no one to take care of him apart from hisuncle.(=except)
He has done good work,apart from a few slight faults.(=except for)
There can be no knowledge apart from practice.实践出真知.(=without)
(4)excepting =except,但一般用于句首或用于not，without，always等词之后
eg:
Excepting his brother,they are all right.
Everyone,not excepting myself,must share the blame.
All of us,without excepting those who know more about thesubject,should study.
All my brothers com here every day,always excepting the youngest.
(5)but与except同义，但but多用在every，any，no等和由这些词构成的复合词如everything，anywhere，nobody等词以后及all，none之后
eg：
The children go to school everyday but Sunday.
They are all gone but me.
You can get the book anywhere but here.
There is no one but me.
Who but George would do such a thing?