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People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try toremember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They oftenaccept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to actwithout thinking; they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, whenall these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. Thereare six stages in analyzing a problem.
First the person must recognize that there is a problem. Forexample, Sam's bicycle is broken, and he cannot read it to class as he usuallydoes. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.
Next the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair hisbicycle. he must find the reason why it does not work. For instance, he mustdetermine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He mustmake his problem more specific.
Now the person must look for information that will make the problemclearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decided thathis bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels.At this time. he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. Hecan talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully.after studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for apossible solution. Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: putoil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tightenor loosen the gear wheels.
Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem.Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly seessomething new or sees something in a new way. Sam, for example, suddenly seesthat there is a piece of chewing gum(口香糖)between the gearwheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean thegear wheels.
Finally the solution is tested. Sam cleans the gear wheels and findsthat afterwards his bicycle works perfectly. In short, he has solved theproblem.
41. What is the best title for this passage?
A) Six Stages for Repairing Sam's Bicycle
B) Possible Ways to Problem-solving
C) Necessities of Problem Analysis
D) Suggestions for Analyzing a Problem
42. In analyzing a problem we should do all the following except.
A) recognize and define the problem
B) look for information to make the problem clearer
C) have suggestions for a possible solution
D) find a solution by trial or mistake
43. By referring to Sam's broken bicycle, the author intends to.
A) illustrate the ways to repair his bicycle
B) discuss the problems of his bicycle
C) tell us how to solve a problem
D) show us how to analyses a problem
44. Which of the following is NOT true?
A) People do not analyze the problem they meet.
B) People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.
C) People may learn from their past experience
D) People can not solve some problems they meet.
45. As used in the last sentence, the phrase in short means.
A) in the long runB) in detailC) in a wordD) in the end
Passage 9
1.B2.D3.C4.A5.C