考博英语词汇语法题是各博士招生院校常考题型之一，新东方在线考博英语为整理了考博英语词汇语法题练习供考博生们参考练习，希望能为大家在考博中提供到帮助。
1. although ______ spanish, he attended the course.
a. he was knowing b. he is knowing c. having a knowledge of d. knows
2. you ______that letter to james. however, you didn’t.
a. ought to write b. ought to have written c. should write d. should be writing
3. joseph was very lucky ______ with his life; he almost did not get out of the room.
a. to escape b. to have escaped c. to escaping d. to be escaping
4. bread and butter ______liked by westerners.
a. is b. are c. were d. be
5. the back garden of our house contains a lawn, ______ very pleasant to sit on in summer.
a. which is b. which it is c. it is d. where it is
6. he set up in business ______ his own and was very successful.
a. in b. of c. on d. by
7. john’s score on the test is the highest in the class; he _____ last night.
a. must study b. should have studied c. must have studied d. is sure to study
8. frank almost never received any education, ______?
a. would he b. did he c. didn’t he d. wouldn’t he
9. even if his letter ______ tomorrow, it ______too late to do anything.
a. will arrive...is b. should arrive...were c. arrives...will be d. arrives...would be
10. we can hear ______from the back of the room.
a. just as good b. just as easy c. just as well d. easily as well
11. to obtain a satisfactory result, one must apply two ______of paint on a clean surface.
a. coats b. levels c. times d. courses
12. the small mountain village was ______ by the snow for more than one month.
a. cut back b. cut out c. cut off d. cut away
13. miss green was ______ $100 for driving after drinking.
a. fined b. charged c. punished d. posed
14. modern ______ perhaps causes more problems than it solves.
a. technique b. technology c. tactics d. tendency
15. mary tiptoed over and took the clock away because she hated to hear it ______ when she was trying to go to sleep.
a. sounding b. ringing c. ticking d. humming
16. under this ______ pressure some of the rocks even became liquid.
a. intensive b. weighty c. intense d. bulky
17. of course, most immigrants did not get rich overnight, but the ______ of them were eventually able to improve upon their former standard of living.
a. maximum b. minority c. majority d. minimum
18. nancy was surprised that they have ______. they seemed to be a happy couple.
a. split up b. broken down c. fallen through d. knocked out
19. the beach is in an ideal ______ to draw tourists.
a. condition b. situation c. state d. publicity
20. our ______ sensitivity decreases with age. by age 60, most people have lost 40 percent of their ability to smell and 50 percent of their taste buds.
a. sensible b. senseless c. sensitive d. sensory
21. the eldest child is thoroughly ______ because they always give him whatever he wants.
a. wasted b. spoiled c. destroyed d. uneducated
22. if a substance is dissolved in water or heated, it may ______ a gas.
a. give into b. give over c. give off d. give away
23. his manner was so pleasant that bolla felt at ______ with him at once.
a. peace b. large c. ease d. best
24. —can you take the day off tomorrow?
—well, i’ll have to get ______ from my boss.
a. permission b. permit c. allowance d. possession
25. the ______ in janet’s character has hindered her from advancement in her career.
a. weakness b. merit c. defect d. shortcoming
试题答案与解析
1. c) 【句意】虽然只懂一点西班牙语，但他还是参加了这个课程的学习。
【难点】know是静态动词，不能用于进行时;选knows从句中又缺少主语。knowledge作“知识”讲时是不可数名词，但作“了解”讲时，前面可加“a”，常用于词组have a knowledge of中，所以选c)。
2. b) 【句意】你本应该给詹姆斯写信，然而，你没写。
【难点】ought to have written是虚拟语气，与本句句意相符。
3. b) 【句意】约瑟夫幸运地逃了性命;他险些没从房间里逃出来。
【难点】to have escaped 是不定式的完成式，表示过去的某一动作业已完成。
4. a) 【句意】黄油面包受西方人青睐。
【难点】bread and butter 是西方人吃的一种食品，虽然有三个字，表达的却是一个东西，并且是不可数名词，作单数。
5. a) 【句意】我家的后花园有一片草坪，夏天坐在上面会令你心旷神怡。
【难点】which引出非限制性定语从句，在句中作主语，且和sit on 构成动宾关系。类似的句子有：this room is comfortable to live in 这句中live in 和this room构成动宾关系。
6. c) 【句意】他独自一人开始经商，并且做得很成功。
【难点】on one’s own 是个常用的介词词组，意为“独自”;of one’s own表示“某人自己的(东西)”，如：i have a flat of my own.我自己有套房子。
7. c) 【句意】约翰的考试分数全班较高;他昨天晚上一定学习了。
【难点】表示对过去某一动作行为的猜测须要用must have done这一句型结构。
8. b) 【句意】弗兰克几乎从未受过任何教育，是不是?
【难点】这是一句含有否定副词never的一般过去时的句子，由于主句为否定形式，所以反意问句用肯定形式。
9. c) 【句意】即使他的信明天到也无济于事了。
【难点】在条件句中表示现在将来的时间，需要用一般现在时，主句中使用将来时。
10. c) 【句意】我们在房间的后面也能听得很清楚。
【难点】as well意为“(程度)同样地好”，是副词短语修饰动词hear;just表示程度，意为“刚好”。
11. a) 【句意】为获得一个满意的结果，你必须在一个干净的表面上涂两层油漆。
【难点】coat意为“覆盖物，层”;level意为“(建筑物)楼层”;times意为“次，回”;courses意为“(一层)砖面;一排”。
12. c) 【句意】这个小山村被大雪封住达一个多月。
【难点】cut back意为“削减;缩减”;cut out意为“停止;切下”;cut off意为“切断;使隔断”;cut away意为“切除;砍掉”。
13. a) 【句意】格林小姐因酒后驾车被罚100美元。
【难点】fine意为“处…以罚金”;charge意为“要(价)，收(费)，要(人)支付(钱)”;punish意为“罚，惩罚”;pose意为“造成，引起(困难)”。
14. b) 【句意】现代技术所引发的问题也许比它所能解决的要多。
【难点】technique意为“技法;具体的技术”;technology意为“工业技术”;tactics意为“战术，兵法，策略”;tendency意为“倾向”。
15. c) 【句意】玛丽蹑手蹑脚走过来把钟拿走了，因为她讨厌在自己想睡觉的时候听它滴哒地响。
【难点】sound意为“作声，发声，响”;ring意为“鸣，发出清脆响亮的声音”;tick意为“发出滴哒声”;hum意为“发连续低沉的声音(如蜜蜂、马达的嗡嗡声)”。
16. c) 【句意】在这种强大的压力下，一些岩石甚至变成了液体。
【难点】intensive意为“加强的;集中的”;weighty意为“沉重的;笨重的”;intense意为“强烈的，剧烈的”;bulky意为“庞大的;粗壮的”。
17. c) 【句意】当然，大多数移民不是一夜之间就发财的，但是他们大多最终改善了自己的生活水平。
【难点】maximum意为“最大限量;较高点”;minority意为“少数，半数以下”;majority意为“大多数”;minimum意为“最低限度，最低点”。
18. a) 【句意】南希对他们的离婚表示十分惊讶，因为他们似乎是一对快乐的夫妇。
【难点】split up意为“分裂，离婚”;break down意为“(精神方面)垮 掉;(健康)变得衰弱;崩溃”;fall through意为“失败;成为泡影”;knock out意为“使筋疲力尽”。
19. b) 【句意】这片海滩所处位置理想，吸引了很多游客。
【难点】condition意为“状况;形势”;situation意为“位置，地点，环境”;state意为“状态，情形”;publicity意为“公众的注意，名声”。
20. d) 【句意】我们的感官能力随着年龄的增长而下降。比如说，到60岁的时候，多数人失去了他们40%的嗅觉能力和50%的味觉能力。
【难点】sensible意为“明智的，合情理的”;senseless意为“失去知觉的，不省人事的”;sensitive意为“敏感的”;sensory意为“感觉的，传递感觉的”。
21. b) 【句意】他们的大孩子被彻底宠坏了，因为他要什么，他们就给什么。
【难点】waste意为“使衰弱;使消瘦”;spoil意为“宠坏，溺爱”;destroy意为“破坏;毁灭”;uneducated意为“未受(良好)教育的”。
22. c) 【句意】如果一种物质溶解在水里或被加热，它可能释放出一种气体。
【难点】give into为非固定搭配;give over意为“托付，交托”;give off意为“散发”;give away意为“送掉，分发(奖品)等”。
23. c) 【句意】他那平易近人的风度使得博拉立刻放松了情绪。
【难点】at peace意为“和平地”;at large意为“自由地;大体地”;at ease意为“不拘束”;at best意为“至多”。
24. a) 【句意】——你明天能休一天吗?——呵，我要征得老板的允许。
【难点】permission意为“允许”;permit意为“许可证”;allowance意为“津贴”;possession意为“拥有”。
25. c) 【句意】詹妮特的性格缺陷阻碍了她事业进步。
【难点】weakness意为“弱点;嗜好”;merit意为“优点，长处”;defect意为“缺点，缺陷”;shortcoming意为“缺点，短处”。