2024医学考博英语长难句解析(九)
2024.02.04 14:58

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  1.名词性从句,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;

  2.形容词性从句,即我们平常所说的定语从句;

  3.状语从句,在句子中通常是时间地点方式的状语。

  长难句解析

  25. Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country’sexcellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology

  the practice of giving premiums to inventors; above all the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking about things technological.

  【词汇】

  shaping factor: 形成因素

  single out: 挑选出

  elementary: adj. 基本的;初级的;[化]元素的

  labor force: 劳动力

  premium: n. 额外费用;保险费;附加费

  above all: 最重要的是

  spatial: adj. 空间的;存在于空间的;占大篇幅的

  【句式分析】

  ① 句子主干:I would single out...。

  ② 分号间隔了三个并列的宾语:the country’s excellent elementary schools; the practice of

  giving premiums to inventors; the American genius。

  ③ 冒号后面的内容为解释说明:a labor force that welcomed the new technology。

  【翻译】

  在许多形成因素当中,我将挑选出这些:这个优秀的小学教育:欢迎新技术的劳动者们;奖励发明者的做法;而且最重要的是美国人在对那些技术性事物的非言语的、“空间性的”思考方面的天赋。

  26. As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, “A technologist thinks about objects that can not be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process...The designer the inventor.., are able to assemble manipulate in their minds devices that as

  yet do not exist”.

  【词汇】

  point out: 指出

  be reduced to: n. 减少;缩小

  unambiguous: adj. 不含糊的;清楚的;明白的

  deal with: 处理

  assemble: v. 集合,收集

  manipulate: v. 操作;处理

  【句式分析】

  ① 句子主干:A technologist thinks about objects...The designer the

  inventor.., are able to assemble manipulate devices。

  ② 非限定性定语从句:As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out,从句修饰的内容是双引号里面的内容。

  ③ 定语从句:that can not be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions 修饰先行

  词 objects;that as yet do not exist 修饰先行词 devices。

  ④ 冒号后面的内容为解释说明: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal

  process。

  【翻译】

  正如尤金·弗格森所指出的那样:“一个技术希赛网思考那些不能被简化成能被清楚的语言描述的东西。这些东西在他的思维中是通过一种视觉的、非语言表述的过程处理的……设计者和发明者……能够在他们的脑中装配并操作那些还不存在的装置。”

  27. Robert Fulton once wrote, "The mechanic should sit down among levers,screws, wedges, wheel, etc, like a poet among the letters of the alphabet,

  considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea".

  【词汇】

  mechanic: n. 技工,机修工

  lever: n. 杠杆

  screw: n. 螺丝钉;螺旋桨

  wedge: n. 楔;楔形物

  alphabet:n. 字母表;字母系统

  exhibition:n. 表明;陈列,展览

  transmit: v. 传递;传输,传送;发射

  【句式分析】

  ① 句子主干:Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down...”。

  ② 介词短语做定语:like a poet among the letters of the alphabet,补充完整为定语从句是:who islike a poet among the letters of the alphabet。

  ③ 现在分词作状语:considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts

  ④ 非限定定语从句:in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea,用来修饰先行词 an exhibition of his thoughts。

  【翻译】

  罗伯特·法欧特曾经这样写到:“一个技师会坐在杠杆、螺丝钉、楔子、轮子等等当中,就像一个诗人沉浸在字母表的字母中,把这些字母看成自己思想的展示,在这样的展示中,每种新的次序安排都传达了——种新的思想。”


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