2023年考博英语词汇练习2
考博英语是考博中重点考察的科目，想要更好的拿到高分成绩，对于同学来说，大家在实际的备考中，需要更全面的复习。考博英语考察的内容比较多，基础词汇、听力、阅读以及翻译技巧，还有写作，这是都是一套卷子的基本构成。那么对于每个部分，应该进行有针对性的训练。下面小编为大家整理了“2023年考博英语词汇练习2”，供大家参考。
1. The atmosphere ________ of certain gases mixed together in definite proportions.
A) composes
B) comprises
C) consists
D) constitutes
2. While he was in the office he________ doing something to doing nothing.
A) preferred
B) liked
C) favoured
D) approved
3. Metals________ when cooled and expand when heated.
A) decrease
B) reduce
C) condense
D) contract
4. Take your raincoat with you________ it rains.
A) by chance
B) in case
C) at large
D) on occasion
5. He was afraid he would have to________ her invitation to the party.
A) refute
B) refuse
C) reject
D) decline
6.At the Committee last Saturday the following proposal was agreed________ by those present.
A) to
B) with
C) over
D) at
7. We went to see the exhibition________ the storm.
A) but for
B) in spite of
C) for the sake of
D) instead of
8.To my surprise, at yesterday’s meeting he again brought________ the plan that had been disapproved a week before.
A) about
B) out
C) back
D) up
9. The doctor took X-rays to________ the chance of broken bones.
A) make sure
B) rule out
C) break down
D) knock out
10. He felt it rather difficult to take a stand________ the opinion of the majority.
A) for
B) against
C) to
D) by
11.He has behaved in the most extraordinary way recently; I can’t________ his behaving like that at all.
A) look into
B) break through
C) account for
D) get over
12. How did it come________ that you made a lot of mistakes in your homework?
A) about
B) along
C) around
D) by
13. He could produce no evidence________ his argument.
A) in respect of
B) in view of
C) in support of
D) on account of
14.The government should________ with the irrational regulations restricting drinking hours.
A) break away
B) come up
C) get away
D) do away
15. I know him well enough to accept his explanation________ .
A) without question
B) by all means
C) at any cost
D) in any case
16. It was a small country house, but it was large________ urban standards.
A) at
B) for
C) by
D) from
17.The travellers sought shelter________ the rain and happened to find a road-side inn.
A) from
B) against
C) for
D) with
18. All our attempts to________ the child from drowning were in vain.
A) regain
B) recover
C) reserve
D) rescue
19. This is the first draft of the book. Please feel perfectly free to________ it.
A) deal with
B) comment on
C) cope with
D) dwell on
20. I was always taught that it was________ to interrupt.
A) rude
B) coarse
C) rough
D) crude
参考答案：
1. 答案C.consist of“由……组成(或构成)”(作此义解时该短语只有主动态，没有被动态，不能说be consisted of)compose vt . “(若干部分)构成(整体)”(其被动态be consisted of 与consist of 同义)comprise vt. “包括，包含，由……组成;组成，构成”(该词相当于compose和be composed of两个意思)constitute vt .“组成，构成，形成”
2. 答案A.prefer vt .“更喜欢”(常使用的正确句型是：prefer A to B; prefer doing A to doing B; prefer to do A rather than [to] do B;prefer that sb[should] do sth)like和favour两个动词后面都可以跟-ing，但不用like/favour(doing) A to (doing) B句型approve vt .“赞成，同义;批准，核准”
3. 答案D. Contract v.“收缩，缩小，缩短”(如contract one's muscles; One's muscles contract.)decrease v.“减小，减少”reduce vt .“减少，缩小”
4. 答案B.in case “以防万一，假如”(后面直接跟从句，从句谓语多用一般时态，也可用should/may+原形动词，但不直接用原形动词;美国人常把in case+从句放在句首，表示“如果”，如In case I forget，please remind me about it;但有时in case可以单独用，后面不跟从句，表示“以防出现万一”，如
It may not rain，but you had better take an umbrella just in case.)bychance“偶然，碰巧”at large(标语)“(罪犯)逍遥法外的，未被捕获的”;(作后置定语)“大多数的”(如students at large)on occasion“有时，间或”
5. 答案D。deline vt.“婉辞，谢绝(邀请);不愿(做某事)”(后面跟不定式);vi.“下降，减少，衰落”△refuse vt.“批驳，驳斥，驳倒”(宾语可以是人或某人的论点)refuse vt.“拒绝(给予或接受)”(句型：refuse sth/to-V)reject vt.“拒绝，驳回;据纳，退回”(后面只能跟名词或代词作宾语，不跟其他句型)
6. 答案A。agree to sth ：“同意，赞成”(相当于consent to，其宾语可以是极化、办法、措施、方案等名词);agree后面还常跟with/on: agree with sb/sb’ opinion“同意某人的看法”;agree with 另一个常考的意思是“适合于<某人>”，常以食物或天气作主语，(如The weather/Sea food doesn’t agree with me .)agree on “(在某问题上)取得一致意见“;agree with sb. about/on/over sth”在……上同意某人的看法”;不说agree at sth
7. 答案B。in spite of “虽然，尽管;不顾”but for“若不是”(多用于引导一个非真实的条件)for the sake of “为了，为了……的利益，看在……的份上”instead of“而不，作为……的替代”
8. 答案D. bring up“(在会上)提出(问题供讨论或引起注意);培养，教育(子女)”bring about sth“引起，导致”bring out“使显出;出版，推出”bring back“带回来”
9. 答案D。rule out“排除(可能性)”make sure(that…/to do sth) “查明，弄确实;务必(做某事)”break down“损坏;(身体)垮下来;(机器)出故障”，knock out“击昏，击倒”
10. 答案B。take a stand for/against sth“对……表明态度支持/反对”(注：take a stand后面不跟to/by sth)
11. 答案C。account for“说明或解释(原因);说明(钱是怎么花的);占……(多大部分)”(如account for one’s absence from class; account for the money spent; Women account for half of the population.)look into“调查，了解”break through“突破，突围”get over“克服(困难);解决(问题);从(疾病、失望、震惊中)恢复过来”
12. 答案A。come(about)“发生，造成”(多用于how疑问句中，也可用于陈述句，在非正式英语中还可简化为How come +从句?如How come you were late for class yesterday?)come along“进行，进展;(机会)出现;(用在祈使句中)赶快，快点”come around“苏醒;顺访”come by sth=get obtain“得到”
13. 答案C.in support of(状语)“支持，证明”in respect of/with respect to“至于，关于”in view of“由于，鉴于;考虑到”on account of(状语)“由于，因为”
14. 答案D。do away with sth“废除，消除，去掉;干掉，处理掉”break away(from)“突然离开，突然逃掉;与……决裂;改掉(坏习惯)”(不说break away with)come up with“提出，提供，想出(主意、办法、方案等)”get away with“携带……而逃”
15. 答案A。without question“毫无疑问地，毫无异议地;不加怀疑地”(作状语修饰谓语动词或放在be后面修饰表语，如He can do the work well without question; He is without question the best player on the team.还可以说beyond question“毫无疑问，确定无疑”，不过该短语一般作表语或修饰表语)by all means“尽一切办法;务必”at any cost/at all costs“不惜任何代价，无论如何”on any case“无论如何，不管怎样”
16. 答案C。by…standards“按照……的标准来衡量”(不与其他三个介词搭配)
17. 答案A。shelter n.“掩蔽处，躲避处;掩蔽，保护”(seek/take/find sheler from the rain or other dangers“宣召避雨<或躲避其它危险>的地方”，do sth under shelter of“在……的掩护下做某事”，可以说seek/take shelter in…for the night“在…过夜”;shelter不与against/with搭配)
18. 答案D。rescue 营救，援救”(rescue sb from“把……从……救出”;come/go to sb’s rescue“前去营救某人”)○regain vt.“重新获得，收复，恢复”recover vt.“重新获得，重新找到;收回，挽回”reserve vt.“保留，留存;预定(座位)”
19. 答案B. comment on sth “对……发表评论”deal with sth“处理;论述;涉及”cope with sth(difficult)“(设法)对付，应付(困难的问题或局面)”△dwell on/upon sth“详述，强调;老是想着(某事)”
20.答案A。rude adj.“粗鲁的，不礼貌的;粗糙的，简陋的(工具等)”(如a rude child; rude behavior; rude remarks; rude tools)coarse adj.“粗糙的(材料、质地);粗俗的(语言、举止)”rough adj.“粗糙的(材料);粗鲁的，粗暴的(行为);粗略的，大致的：crude adj.”天然的，未加工的;简陋的，粗糙的“
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