2023年考博英语阅读：基因一小步，世界一大步2
考博英语是考博中重点考察的科目，想要更好的拿到高分成绩，对于同学来说，大家在实际的备考中，需要更全面的复习。考博英语考察的内容比较多，基础词汇、听力、阅读以及翻译技巧，还有写作，这是都是一套卷子的基本构成。那么对于每个部分，应该进行有针对性的训练。下面小编为大家整理了“2023年考博英语阅读：基因一小步，世界一大步2”，供大家参考。
The African genome project
非洲基因组计划(2)
The evolutionary line leading to Homo sapiens diverged 5m-6m years ago from that leading to chimpanzees, and for almost all that time the ancestors of modern humans lived in Africa.
Only about 60,000 years ago did Homo sapiens venture widely beyond the continent, in small bands of adventurers. Most of humanity’s genetic diversity, undersampled though it is, is therefore found in Africa. Unfortunately, that diversity is also reflected in the greater variety of genetic illnesses found there.
The bias in sequencing leads to underdiagnosis of diseases in people of (relatively recent) African descent. Genetic causes of heart failure, such as the one that caused the ultimately fatal collapse of Marc-Vivien Foé, a Cameroonian football player, during a game in 2003, are poorly understood. The variation present in most non-Africans with cystic fibrosis is responsible for only about 30% of cases in people of African origin. This is one reason, along with its relative rarity, that the illness is often missed in black children. Standard genetic tests for hearing loss would not have picked up the Mutambara boys’ variations. And such is the diversity within the continent that tests in some countries would be irrelevant in others. In Ghana HI-GENES found one mutation responsible for 40% of inherited deafness. The same variation has not been found in South Africa.
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