2023年医学考博英语完形填空提分技巧

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　　方法一：固定搭配排查法

　　固定搭配也称习惯用法，它形式多样，经常考查的内容有：动词后接介词或副词;名词或形容词后接介词、介词词组、名词词组和动词词组等。如果判断出一个未知填空与上下文的一些已知词汇可以构成固定搭配，只要从选项中选出构成固定搭配且意思合适的选项即可。

　　例题：Memory ___26___ not only in humans but also in some physical objects

　　machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later

　　use. It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity of a

　　computer___27_ _ that of a human being.

　　27. A to B with C against D for

　　解析：答案选A,compare ，vi. 相比，匹敌;比较，区别;比拟(常与to连用)。

　　方法二：背景知识利用法

　　完形填空的内容经常涉及到日常生活常识。此时，要善于利用背景知识或常识来增强理解，帮助解题。

　　例题：When taking aspirin(阿司匹林) for heart attack(心脏病发作),____49____ the plain,

　　uncoated variety. For even faster adsorption, crush mix with a little water.

　　Speed of absorption(吸收) is critical because most heart attack deaths, occur

　　__50__the first few hours after chest pain strikes.

　　50. A for B along C within D except

　　方法三：词性搭配法

　　完形填空有时未知填空根据已知上下文可以知道词性，从而可以直接排除不符合搭配的选项，以帮助迅速解题。

　　例题：Congratulations on your nomination as United States Surgeon General.

　　Based on your extraordinary career your commitment to51health disparities among

　　underserved population, no doubt your tenure will be marked by great progress

　　toward the goal of improved health for all Americans.

　　51. A handleB eliminateC achievingD addressing

　　方法四：瞻前顾后法(重现、复现法)

　　词汇的复现是指以某一词以原词、指代词、同义词、近义词等出现在语篇中，句子通过这种复现或重现关系得到了相互衔接。因此，某一空格所对应的答案可能从上下文中找到。我们可以浏览全文，瞻前顾后，根据这一有机联系确定答案。考题中经常出现的重现或复现的有名词、动词和形容词等。

　　例题：In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit, which must be

　　applied for by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department

　　of Employment has the right to ___41___ or refuse these permits… An immigration

　　official has the power to stop a visitor ___49___ these shores coming into the

　　country, if this happens the visitor has the ___50___ to appeal to the

　　Immigration Appeal Tribunal. While the appeals are being considered, the visitor

　　has no choice but to wait sometimes for quite a long time

　　50. A honor B force C right D authority

　　方法五：中心思想协调法(主线靠拢法)

　　完形填空通常有明确的中心主线，作者会用一些具有相同倾向的(感情色彩、词性的变形等)词语或句子支持文章的中心思想。因此，正确理解文章的中心思想将成为就提的关键。

　　例题：The China boom is by now a well-documented phenomenon. Who has not

　　__41___ the Middle Kingdom’s astounding economic growth (8percent annually), its

　　tremendous consumer market (1.2 billion annually), the investment enthusiasm of

　　foreign suitor (40 billion in foreign direct investment last year __42__)?

　　42. A aloneB asideC alongD lonely

　　方法六：并行结构法(空间线索法)

　　并行结构法是指两个或两个以上的同类或完全一样的词语以排比句式出现在文章中。两个并行结构的句子语法地位一样，又有某种逻辑关系。如果一个并行结构的词语是已知的，则可以根据这一线索破解另一未知信息。

　　例题：Memory is __25__ when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed

　　something suspicious in the

　　grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six-year-old child learns to

　　swing a baseball bat.

　　25. A called B taken C involved D included

　　方法七：去伪存真法(紧扣主题法)

　　完形填空的选项中常有一些词汇从语法和逻辑上都可以和已知信息搭配。此时，文章主题成为判断取舍的关键。这要求我们有一双“慧眼”，发现与主题意思一致的选项，排除无关或意思相反的选项。

　　例题:In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit, which must be

　　applied for by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department

　　of Employment has the right to ___41______ or refuse these permits, there is

　　little that can be ___42____ about it, it would be extremely unwise ____43____a

　　foreign visitor to work without a permit.

　　42. A made B done C explained D talked

　　方法八：逻辑关系推理法

　　完形填空的句与句之间，段与段之间通常会存在一定的逻辑关系并有一些连词或连词短语来引导。因此，分析前后文或上下文的逻辑关系即可确定此类题目的答案。

　　例题：Satellite, wireless, cable-based electronic fund transfers __________

　　the hub of global enterprise. Such electronic cash is _35_ central to the idea

　　of an emerging “worldwide mind”. Without the satellite fiber infrastructure to

　　support the flow of electronic funds, the world economy would grind to a

　　halt.

　　35 A so B nevertheless C thereafter D therefore

　　小结：逻辑关系连接词和过渡词：

　　1. 表示时间：since, ever since, from then on, soon after, afterward, until, in

　　the meantime, meanwhile, at the same time, etc..

　　2. 表示列举：firstly, secondly, finally, next, last, also, for example, for

　　instance, such as result, etc

　　3. 表示让步与转折: but, however, yet, instead, nevertheless, nonetheless, though,

　　although, even though, in spite of, despite etc..

　　4. 表示因果:because , for, due to, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly,

　　consequently, as, as a result, etc

　　5. 表示比较与对比：like, likewise, similarly, equally, conversely, on the contrary,

　　by contrast, in contrast etc

　　6. 表示补充说明：furthermore, moreover, what is more, besides, in addition

　　etc.

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