新东方在线考博频道给大家整理的2021年考博英语长难句解析（二）,希望能够对大家的考博考试备考有所帮助，更多有关考博的备考内容，欢迎随时关注新东方在线考博频道。
1.This means [that our noses are limited to perceiving those smells (which float through the air), missing the majority of smells (which stick to surfaces)].
这是一个主从复合句。
原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词如下：
①主句：This means that …
【译文】这意味着……
②分句一：Our noses are limited to perceiving those smells…
类型：宾语从句;连接词：that
【译文】我们的鼻子只能感知这些气味。
分句二：which float through the air
类型：定语从句;连接词：Which
【译文】在空气中漂浮。
分句三：which stick to surfaces
类型：定语从句;连接词：Which
【译文】附着在表面。
其他修饰成分：现在分词短语missing the majority of smells…做结果状语，修饰鼻子只能感知空气中漂浮的气味所导致的结果。
【全句译文】这就意味着，我们的鼻子只能感知空气中漂浮的气味，而遗漏了大多数附着在各种物体表面的气味。
2.Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment [in which they live], thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.
这是一个主从复合句。
原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词如下：
①主句: Humans have the ability
【译文】人类有能力
②分句一：in which they live
类型：定语从句;连接词：in + which(介词+引导词/状语)
【译文】他们生存的(环境)
其他修饰成分：现在分词短语subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies做结果状语;不定式短语to modify the environment in which they live做后置定语。
【全句译文】而且，人类还有能力改变自己的生存环境，从而让所有其他形态的生命服从于人类自己独特的想法和想象。
3.I have excluded him [because, (while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems), he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but factual aspects of those problems].
这是一个主从复合句。
原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词如下：
①主句：I have excluded him.
【译文】我将他排除在外。
②分句一：because while…he has been charged with the task of…
类型：原因状语从句;连接词：because
【译文】因为尽管……但他承担的任务……
分句二：while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution…
类型：让步状语从句;连接词：while
【译文】尽管他的成就可能会有助于解决道德问题……
【全句译文】我之所以将他排除在外，是因为尽管他的成就可能会有助于解决道德问题，但他承担的任务只不过是研究这些问题的事实方面。
4.One reason [why it is hard to design and teach such courses] is [that they cut across the insistence by top American universities] that [liberal-arts education and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools].
这是一个主从复合句。
原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词如下：
①主句：One reason ... is that…
【译文】……原因之一在于……
②分句一：why it is hard to design and teach such courses
类型：定语从句;连接词：why
【译文】设计和教授这类课程之所以困难的原因
分句二：that they cut across the insistence
类型：表语从句;连接词：that
【译文】它们打破了一贯的原则
分句三：(insistence)that liberal-arts education and professional education should be kept separate
类型：同位语从句;连接词：that
【译文】即人文教育和职业教育分离，在不同的学院授课。
【全句译文】设计和教授这类课程之所以困难的原因之一在于，它们打破了美国顶级大学一贯的原则，即人文教育和职业教育分离，在不同的学院授课。
5.[If you are part of the group which you are addressing], you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems [which are common to all of you] and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties.
这是个主从复合句。
原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词如下：
①主句：you will be in a position … and it’ll be appropriate to make a passing remark …
【译文】你就能设身处地……你可以进行评头论足。
②分句一：If you are part of the group …
类型：条件状语从句;连接词：if
【译文】如果你属于群体中的一员……
分句二：which you are addressing
类型：定语从句;连接词：which
【译文】你在谈话
分句三：which are common to all of you
类型：定语从句;连接词：which
【译文】你们共同经历
【全句译文】如果你属于谈话群体中的一员，你就能设身处地了解到你们共同的经历和问题，你可以对饭堂里极其难吃的饭菜，或对总裁那出了名的低劣领带品味进行评头论足。
以上就是新东方在线考博频道给大家整理的2021年考博英语长难句解析（二）希望对大家有所帮助，更多备考内容，欢迎随时关注新东方在线考博频道。