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Direction: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.
On a cold and rainy day last February, Bruce Alberts wore a grim expression as he stepped up to the microphones to make his statement at the National Press Club in Washington, D.C.1. The final results of the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) has just been released, and America's high school seniors had placed near the back of the pack.
“There is no excuse for this,” President Bill Clinton had already chided. “These results are entirely unacceptable,” admonished the secretary of education. The head of the National Education Association declared U. S. schools to be in a state of crisis. And now Alberts, president of the National Academy of Sciences, said that he, too, saw in this report “all the elements of an education tragedy.”
“Americans have always risen to a crisis,” he added. “We see clearly that the future is threatened. 2. Let us act now to heed this important wake-up call.” And so, with editorial writers and educators across the country obligingly sounding the alarm, American education lurched yet again into crisis mode.
It is a cyclical ritual, repeated in every decade since the 1940s, observes Gregory William of the University of Toledo. 3. The launch of Sputnik in 1957 set off an orgy of anxiety culminating in Admiral Hyman Rickover's 1963 book American Education, A National Failure, in which he famously predicted that “the Russians will bury us” thanks to their more rigorous science and math courses. 4. Beginning with the 1983 publication of A Nation at Risk, one blue-ribbon panel after another warned that massive educational failure had ceded the United State's technological lead to Japan and other competitors—a conclusion that proved premature.
5.Although the particulars vary from one education crisis to the next, the episodes are connected by common threads. Each has surged into public discourse on an unrelenting torrent of angst flowing from the educational research profession, William says. Combing through the education literature of the past 30 years, he recently turned up more than 4,000 articles and books in which scholars declared some sort of crisis in the schools—but rarely bothered to spell out what cataclysm was imminent. Each episode has also eaten away at public confidence in schools, which fell 38 percent from 1973 to 1996, according to surveys by the National Opinion Research Center.
KEY
1.第三届国际数学和自然科学研究的最后结果揭晓，美国高中的高年级学生排在最后几位。
2.让我们随着这重要的警报声，马上行动。就这样，随着全国的专栏作家和教育家自觉地呼应这条警报，美国教育再次徘徊着进入了危机模式。
3.1957年苏联人造地球卫星的发射引发了一阵肆意的恐慌，1963年海曼·里克欧傅尔的著作《美国教育：一个国家的失败》将之推到顶峰。在这本书中，有他著名的预言：苏联将凭借其严厉的自然科学和数学课程“埋葬”我们。
4.从1983年《国家处于危机之中》的出版开始，一个又一个的第一流的专家座谈小组发出警告：大众教育的失败已经使美国把技术上的领先地位让给了日本和其他的竞争者——事实证明这是一个不成熟的结论。
5.威廉姆说：“尽管每一次教育危机的细节之处不尽相同，但这些事件都可被共同的线索联系起来。那就是每一次都引起了激烈的公众舆论，就来自教育研究行业的无情的忧郁的洪流予以探讨。”
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