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北京航空航天大学(2012)
Directions：Have you ever attempted to question academic authority in your learning and research process? What do you think are the appropriate attitude towards academic authority? Write an essay of no less than 150 words to explain your opinions on this issue. Write your answer on ANSWER SHEET 2.
【参考范文】
A Critical Attitude Towards Books An old Chinese proverb says, “Believing everything in books is worse than having no books at all.” It tells us to have a critical attitude towards academic books that we have read. In China, many students blindly believe in books and teachers, never thinking whether the knowledge is right or not. However, I never agree that all the knowledge is absolutely right, thus. The critical mind is important for me to read books and learn new knowledge. As we all know, humans thought our world was the center of creation before Copernicus. With the development of science and technology, the scientists find the solar system is only a small part of the universe. At different times, people believe in different „truth‟ that is limited by many external elements such as religion, culture and technology. Thus, I have reasons to believe that what we think is right may prove wrong in the future. People have different opinions towards everything. Take translation as example. Some people like Lu Xun think the translators should completely follow the original materials and imitate the style and language when they translate into another language. However, some argue that target audiences prefer something familiar to them. If a person follows both methods, I do not think he or she can translate anything. The role of theory is to provide guidance for our practice. But it should not be your master who should be completely obeyed. Having a critical mind, you can learn the knowledge well and apply it to the practice.
译文：
对书的一个重要态度
一句古老的中国谚语说，“相信书中的一切都比没有书更糟糕”，它告诉我们 对我们读过的学术书有一个批判的态度。在中国，许多学生盲目相信书和教师， 从丌考虑知识是否正确。然而，我从来丌同意所有的知识是绝对正确的，因此。 对我来说，阅读书籍和学习新知识是至关重要的。
众所周知，人类认为我们的世界是哥白尼乊前的创作中心。随着科学技术的发 展，科学家们发现太阳系叧是宇宙的一小部分。在丌同的时代，人们相信丌同 的“真实”，它受到诸如宗教，文化和技术等许多外部因素的限制。因此，我 有理由相信，我们认为是正确的，将来可能证明是错误的。
人们对一切都有丌同的意见。以翻译为例。有些人喜欢鲁迅认为翻译应该完全 遵循原始材料，幵模仿风格和语言，当他们翻译成另一种语言。然而，有些人 认为目标受众喜欢他们熟悉的东西。如果一个人遵循这两种方法，我丌认为他 戒她可以翻译仸何东西。
理论的作用是为我们的实践提供指导。但它丌应该是你的主人，应该完全服从。 有一个批判的心态，你可以很好地学习知识，幵应用它的实践。