2003年湖北大学考博英语翻译真题
考博英语真题是考博生们在复习考博英语时的重要参考资料，新东方在线整理了2003年湖北大学考博英语翻译真题及答案供考生们参考复习。
Part A
Direction: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese on the ANSWER SHEET.
Without doubt, the international relations appear at times bewildering. Students may at time feel that their efforts to unerstand the complexities of the international system today are futile.
The task is a difficult one, but it is not futile. It requires patience and persistence as well as logical inquiry and flexible perspectives.
71.As the examples just given often illustrate, contemporary international events are regularly interrelated; our task of achieving understanding is therefore further Complicated because seemingly unrelated events in different areas of the would may over a period of time combine to affect still other regions of the globe. Events are demonstrably interdependent, and as we improve our ability to unerstand the causes of and reasons behind this interdependence, we will improve our ability to understand contemporary international relations.
How can our task best be approached? Throughout history, analysts of international relations have differed in their approaches to improving understanding in their field. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, for example, the study of international relations centered around diplomatic history. Who did what to whom at a particular time and place were the main features of the method of diplomatic history. This methodology concentrated on nation-states as the main actors in international relations and included the study of the major diplomats and ministers of the period. Detailed accuracy was required and obtained, but seldom were causal connections or comprehensive analyses sought.
72.As a means for understanding a particular series of events, diplomatic history was (and is) excellent; as a means for understanding a particular sweeps of international relations or for developing a theoretical basis for the study of international relations, diplomatic history was (and is) of limited utility.
Whereas diplomatic history sought to explain a particular series of events, other methodologies were developed during the 19th and early 20th centuries that viewed international relations on a global scale.
73.Strategic and geopolitical analyses, methodologies in wide use even today, trace their roots to concepts developed by the U. S. Admiral Alfred Mahan during the late 19th century and British geographer Sir Halford Mackinder during the early 20th century. To Mahan the world's ocean were its highways, and whoever controlled its highways could control the course of international relations. Mahan bases most of his analysis on Great Britain and its Royal navy. Partly because of the urgings of Mahan, the United States on Great Britain and its fleet during the late 19th century and actively sought and acquired territorial possessions in the Pacific Ocean, including Hawaii, Samoa Guam and the Philippines.
Part B
Direction: Translate the following short paragraph into English and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
尽管我们对“学习”的理解不尽完善，然而我们对此已有不少了解。“学习”可以呈现不同的形式，也可以在许多情况下进行。一般来说，“学习”必然会引起行为的变化。“学习”导致人们行为发生变化时，这种变化常能持久。“学习”也许意味着对一系列细小而不相关的行为按新的顺序重新排列。就好比你在钢琴上学习弹奏一首新的曲子。
答案解析：
Part A
71.正如刚才所给的例子通常说明的那样，当今国际事件是经常相互联系的。因而我们了解国际事件的任务进一步复杂化了，这是因为世界不同地区发生的表面上似乎无关系的事件可能经过一段时间之后会一起对地球上其他地区产生影响。
72.外交史作了了解一连串特殊事件的一种方式，过去是(现在也是)最好的;而作为了解更广泛的国际关系或为研究国际关系奠定理论基础的手段，外交史的利用价值在过去和现在均是有限的。
73.今天仍广泛使用的战略分析和地缘政治分析及其方法论可追溯到19世纪末美国海军上将埃尔弗莱德·马汉和20世纪初英国地理学家哈尔福德·麦金德爵士提出的相关概念。
Part B
Although our understanding of learning is still not complete, a great deal is known. Learning has many different from and takes place under many conditions. In general, it involves a change in behavior. When a change in behavior takes place as a result of learning, the change is usually a long-lasting one. Learning may mean that a number of small independent acts are arranged in a new order. This happens, for example, when you learn to play a new piece on the piano.