1. It can be inferred from the text that scientist now generally agree that the
[A] enormous wingspan of the pterosaurs enabled them to fly great distances.
[B] structure of the skeleton of the pterosaurs suggests a close evolutionary relationship to bats.
[C] fossil remains of the pterosaurs reveal how they solved the problem of powered flight.
[D] pterosaurs were reptiles.
2. The author views the idea that the pterosaurs became airborne by rising into light winds created by waves as
[A] revolutionary.
[B] unlikely.
[C] unassailable.
[D] probable.
3. According to the text, the skeleton of a pterosaur can be distinguished from that of a bird by the
[A] size of its wingspan.
[B] presence of hollow spaces in its bones.
[C] anatomic origin of its wing strut.
[D] presence of hooklike projections on its hind feet.
4. The ideas attributed to T. H. Huxley in the text suggest that he would most likely agree with which of the following statements?
[A] An animal’s brain size has little bearing on its ability to master complex behaviors.
[B] An animal’s appearance is often influenced by environmental requirements and physical capabilities.
[C] Animals within a given family group are unlikely to change their appearance dramatically over a period of time.
[D] The origin of flight in vertebrates was an accidental development rather than the outcome of specialization or adaptation.
5. Which of the following best describes the organization of the last paragraph of the text?
[A] New evidence is introduced to support a traditional point of view.
[B] Three explanations for a phenomenon are presented and each is disputed by means of specific information.
[C] Three hypotheses are outlined and evidence supporting each is given.
[D] Recent discoveries are described and their implications for future study are projected.